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The Earth's mantle remodelled

机译:地球的地幔重塑

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摘要

From petiological and geochemical data we know that the upper mantle of the Earth (about 100 to 660 km depth, see Fig. 1) is composed mainly of the common minerals olivine, pyroxene and garnet. But in what proportions? This long-standing issue seems close to resolution, as emerged at a meeting held late last year. The question of upper-mantle composition is by no means esoteric, for the answer would tell us a great deal about the convec-tive regime of the mantle as a whole. If the upper mantle consists mostly of pyroxene and garnet (and about 40% olivine, the so-called 'piclogite' model), then there would be a strong chemical contrast between it andthe underlying lower mantle; that, in turn, would imply that the Earth convects as a double system with little or no mass exchange between the upper and lower mantle. But an olivine-rich upper mantle (about 60% olivine, in a 'pyrolite' model) would imply that there is no chemical difference between it and the lower mantle, and whole-mantle convection wouldbe allowed.
机译:根据岩石学和地球化学数据,我们知道地球上地幔(约100至660 km的深度,见图1)主要由橄榄石,辉石和石榴石等常见矿物组成。但是比例是多少?正如去年年底举行的一次会议所显示的那样,这个长期存在的问题似乎已接近解决。上地幔组成的问题绝不是深奥的,因为答案将告诉我们很多有关整个地幔的对流状态。如果上地幔主要由辉石和石榴石组成(约40%的橄榄石,即所谓的“苦辉石”模型),则上地幔与下面的下地幔之间将存在强烈的化学反差。反过来,这意味着地球对流是一个双重系统,上下地幔之间很少或没有质量交换。但是富含橄榄石的上地幔(在“黄铁矿”模型中约占60%的橄榄石)将暗示其与下地幔之间没有化学差异,并且可以进行全幔对流。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Nature》 |1997年第6616期|p.490-491|共2页
  • 作者

    Ross Angel;

  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学总论;
  • 关键词

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