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首页> 外文期刊>Nature >Functional MRI evidence for adult motor cortex plasticity during motor skill learning.
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Functional MRI evidence for adult motor cortex plasticity during motor skill learning.

机译：运动技能学习过程中成人运动皮质可塑性的功能性MRI证据。

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摘要

Performance of complex motor tasks, such as rapid sequences of finger movements, can be improved in terms of speed and accuracy over several weeks by daily practice sessions. This improvement does not generalize to a matched sequence of identical component movements, nor to the contralateral hand. Here we report a study of the neural changes underlying this learning using functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of local blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signals evoked in primary motor cortex (M1). Before training, a comparable extent of M1 was activated by both sequences. However, two ordering effects were observed: repeating a sequence within a brief time window initially resulted in a smaller area of activation (habituation), but later in larger area of activation (enhancement), suggesting a switch in M1 processing mode within the first session (fast learning). By week 4 of training, concurrent with asymptotic performance, the extent of cortex activated by the practised sequence enlarged compared with the unpractised sequence, irrespective of order (slow learning). These changes persisted for several months. The results suggest a slowly evolving, long-term, experience-dependent reorganization of the adult M1, which may underlie the acquisition and retention of the motor skill.
机译：通过日常练习，可以在几周内提高速度和准确性，从而改善复杂的运动任务（例如手指快速运动顺序）的性能。这种改进既不能推广到相同零件运动的匹配顺序，也不能推广到对侧手。在这里，我们报告了使用功能性磁共振成像（MRI）在主要运动皮层（M1）中引起的局部血液氧合水平相关（BOLD）信号的功能性磁共振成像（MRI），以此学习为基础的神经变化的研究。在训练之前，两个序列都激活了相当程度的M1。但是，观察到两个排序效果：在短时间窗口内重复序列最初会导致较小的激活（习惯性）区域，但后来在较大的激活区域（增强），建议在第一个会话中切换为M1处理模式（快速学习）。到训练的第4周，与渐进性表现同时，与未练习的序列相比，练习序列激活的皮质激活程度有所增加，而与顺序无关（学习缓慢）。这些变化持续了几个月。结果表明，成年M1的进化缓慢，长期，依赖经验的重组可能是获得和保留运动技能的基础。

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