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Not by money alone

机译:不单靠金钱

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摘要

How should a society encourage its members to act in socially beneficial ways, when these can run counter to their own self-interest? For several centuries, Western societies have tried to do this through incentives. We penalise things we want to discourage, by, say, taxing fossil fuel. Conversely, we reward what we want to encourage, for example, by giving tax breaks to job-creating businesses. If we get the incentives right, say economists, the invisible hand of the market guides people to do the right thing out of sheer self-interested greed, with no need to appeal to mushy notions of ethical responsibility. "Virtue was something economists thought they could safely ignore," writes Samuel Bowles, himself an economist at the Santa Fe Institute in New Mexico.
机译:当社会成员可能违反自身利益时,社会应如何鼓励其成员采取对社会有益的方式行事?几个世纪以来,西方社会一直试图通过激励措施做到这一点。我们通过对化石燃料征税来惩罚我们想阻止的事情。相反,我们通过鼓励创造就业机会的税收减免来奖励我们想要鼓励的东西。经济学家说,如果我们正确地制定了激励措施,那么市场的无形之力就会引导人们从纯粹的自利心中贪婪地做正确的事,而无需诉诸糊涂的道德责任观念。 “美德是经济学家认为可以放心的事情,”他自己是新墨西哥州圣达菲研究所的经济学家塞缪尔·鲍尔斯(Samuel Bowles)写道。

著录项

  • 来源
    《New scientist》 |2016年第3088期|46-46|共1页
  • 作者

    Bob Holmes;

  • 作者单位
  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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