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Mother-infant Interaction and Quality of Child's Attachment: A Nonlinear Dynamical Systems Approach

机译：母婴互动和儿童依恋的质量：非线性动力学系统方法

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The traditional classification of infant attachment described three distinct types (Ainsworth et al. 1978): Secure (B), Insecure-avoidant (A), and Insecure-resistant ©. Research shows that the quality of infant attachment reflects the child's history of interaction with their primary caregiver and, therefore, maternal sensitivity and appropriateness of maternal responses during the first year of life has been found to predict infant attachment. In this study the nonlinear dynamical systems (NDS) approach was applied to broaden the study of maternal sensitivity into the overall temporal organization of mother-infant relationship exchanges. The study focuses on understanding the differences between secure and insecure attached children by applying NDS in two temporal scales: real time and a developmental scale, with the notions of "flexibility " and "self-organization ", respectively. Infants, classified as securely or insecurely attached at 15 months, had free-play situations with their mothers, at 6 and 12 months of age, videotaped and coded in real time. Results showed that at 6 months dyads from the B group, compared to the non-B group, showed higher flexibility through several NDS indices derived from the State-Space Grid method (SSG). The dyads at 12 months did not show differences in those indices. Moreover, B group showed self-organization by decreasing the number of attr'actors, from 6 to 12 months of infant's age, in contrast with A and C groups that either showed less self-organization, by increasing the number of attr actors, or stayed basically as they were at 6 months. Furthermore, the B group showed an increase in the proportion of attractors with higher values from time 1 to time 2, in contrast to the non-B groups. Findings provide some grounds for using a SSG approach to deepen the construct of maternal sensitivity in dyadic terms.
机译：婴儿依恋的传统分类描述了三种不同的类型（Ainsworth等，1978）：安全（B），避免不安全（A）和不耐安全©。研究表明，婴儿依恋的质量反映了儿童与其主要照顾者互动的历史，因此，发现母亲的敏感性和出生后第一年母亲反应的适当性可以预测婴儿的依恋。在这项研究中，非线性动力学系统（NDS）方法被用于将母体敏感性的研究扩展到母婴关系交换的整体时间组织。该研究的重点是通过在两个时间尺度上应用NDS来理解安全和不安全的依恋孩子之间的区别：实时和发展尺度，分别使用“灵活性”和“自组织”的概念。在15个月时被分类为安全或不安全的婴儿，与母亲在6和12个月大时可以自由活动，并进行实时录像和编码。结果显示，与非B组相比，B组在6个月时通过状态空间网格方法（SSG）得出的NDS指数显示出更高的灵活性。在12个月时的二倍体在这些指数上没有显示差异。此外，与A和C组相比，B组表现出自组织性，其通过将attr'actor的数目从婴儿的年龄减少到6到12个月而减少，而A和C组则通过增加attr actor的数目而显示出较少的自组织基本上保持了六个月时的状态。此外，与非B组相比，B组在时间1到时间2时具有较高值的​​吸引子比例增加。研究结果为使用SSG方法加深二元形式的孕产妇敏感性构造提供了一些依据。

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