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Interest of cerebral positron emission tomography (PET) in dysimmune encephalitis

机译:脑正电子发射断层扫描(PET)在免疫缺陷性脑炎中的意义

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Dysimmune encephalitis are frequent and disabling pathologies with efficacious treatments (immunotherapy). Evocative clinical signs are: rapid progressive evolution, seizure, movement disorder, psychiatric troubles, memory defect, dysautonomia and hyponatremia. Classical ancillary test: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and standard cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) analysis can be normal. In this context, the cerebral positron emission tomography (PET) is helpful for the diagnosis. More often reported patterns are: association of hyper- and hypo-metabolism; frontotemporal hyper-metabolism/parieto-occipital hypo-metabolism gradient (anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor [NMDAR] encephalitis); temporal and basal ganglia hyper-metabolism (anti-leucine-rich glioma inactivated protein 1 [LGI1] encephalitis); temporal hyper-metabolism (other limbic encephalitis); parieto-occipital basal ganglia hypo-metabolism (neurolupus); unihemispheric diffuse hypo-metabolism (Rasmussen encephalitis). The diagnosis could require research of specific antibodies. Finally, the cerebral PET is also useful during the follow-up: treatment's efficacy (improvement of metabolism), relapse (aggravation of metabolism's alteration), and evaluation of possible sequelae. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
机译:通过有效的治疗(免疫疗法),免疫缺陷性脑炎是常见的致残性疾病。令人联想起的临床体征包括:快速进行性进展,癫痫发作,运动障碍,精神病,记忆力减退,自主神经功能减退和低钠血症。经典辅助检查:磁共振成像(MRI)和标准脑脊液(CSF)分析可以正常进行。在这种情况下,脑正电子发射断层扫描(PET)有助于诊断。报道更多的模式是:高代谢和低代谢的关联;额颞部新陈代谢/顶枕低代谢梯度(抗N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体[NMDAR]脑炎);颞和基底神经节代谢亢进(富含抗亮氨酸的神经胶质瘤灭活蛋白1 [LGI1]脑炎);暂时性新陈代谢(其他边缘性脑炎);顶枕基底神经节低代谢(neurolupus);单脑半球弥漫性代谢不足(拉斯穆森脑炎)。诊断可能需要研究特异性抗体。最后,脑部PET在随访中也很有用:治疗效果(改善代谢),复发(加剧代谢改变)和评估可能的后遗症。 (C)2015 Elsevier Masson SAS。版权所有。

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