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Data requirements and tools to operationalize marine spatial planning in the United States

机译:在美国实施海洋空间规划的数据要求和工具

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The U.S. is adopting a Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) approach to address conflicting objectives of conservation and resource development and usage in marine spaces. At this time MSP remains primarily as a concept rather than a well-defined framework, however expanding anthropogenic impacts on coastal and marine areas reinforce the need to adopt an MSP approach to manage societal demands while preserving the marine environment. The development of theory and methods to implement MSP are on the rise across the nation to address coastal and marine environmental challenges. Critical components of marine spatial planning are (1) spatial data collection, (2) data management, (3) data analysis, and (4) decision support systems. Advances in geotechnology have increased access to spatial data enabling the development of decision support tools to organize, analyze, and inform the MSP process by projecting future scenarios. A review of the current literature reveals the available technological and methodological tools that are best suited for marine spatial planning, as well as suggests areas for further research in order to better inform this process in the U.S. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译:美国正在采用海洋空间规划(MSP)方法来解决海洋保护和资源开发与利用的相互矛盾的目标。目前,MSP仍然主要是一个概念,而不是一个定义明确的框架,但是,人为因素对沿海和海洋地区的影响不断扩大,因此需要采用MSP方法来管理社会需求,同时又要保护海洋环境。在全国范围内,解决MSP问题的理论和方法正在不断发展,以应对沿海和海洋环境挑战。海洋空间规划的关键组成部分是(1)空间数据收集,(2)数据管理,(3)数据分析和(4)决策支持系统。地理技术的进步增加了对空间数据的访问,从而使决策支持工具得以开发,从而可以通过预测未来方案来组织,分析和告知MSP流程。对当前文献的回顾揭示了最适合海洋空间规划的可用技术和方法学工具,并提出了需要进一步研究的领域,以便更好地为美国(C)2015 Elsevier Ltd.提供信息。 。

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