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首页> 外文期刊>Ocean & coastal management >Salmon aquaculture and coastal ecosystem health in Chile: Analysis of regulations, environmental impacts and bioremediation systems
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Salmon aquaculture and coastal ecosystem health in Chile: Analysis of regulations, environmental impacts and bioremediation systems

机译：智利的鲑鱼养殖和沿海生态系统健康：法规，环境影响和生物修复系统分析

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摘要

In 2007 salmon, mollusk and seaweed aquaculture production in Chile totaled 904 thousand tonnes, making the nation the leading marine aquaculture producer in the western world. Salmonids grown in open cage net pens account for over 73% of the production. This review summarizes the current status of Chilean aquaculture and proposes the establishment of new regulations and monitoring programmes that encourage and accommodate emerging bioremediation technologies. In contrast to a rapidly expanding, well-financed and technologically advanced industry, the regulatory structure in Chile is outdated and based on insufficient science. The number of publications on the environmental impacts of salmon aquaculture in Chile is low relative to its production level. Nevertheless, the impacts of organic and inorganic waste on benthic communities, pelagic organisms and bird populations are documented. The technology to reduce these impacts using integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) strategies exists, but has not been implemented at commercial scales. We call on the government and industry to support the creation of a well-financed and politically independent agency responsible for developing and enforcing science-based environmental regulations in Chile. The agency's immediate goal should be to fund research required to develop a transparent, ecosystem-based regulatory framework that promotes IMTA. Monitoring programs and licensing procedures must consider the impacts of individual sites and the cumulative impacts from multiple sites across a wide range of spatial scales. Before such changes are realized, environmental threats and human health risks will remain unacceptably high and salmon farming in Chile will not meet any reasonable definition of sustainability.
机译：2007年智利的鲑鱼，软体动物和海藻养殖总产量为90.4万吨，使该国成为西方世界领先的海水养殖生产商。用开放笼式网箱养殖的鲑鱼占产量的73％以上。这篇综述总结了智利水产养殖的现状，并提议建立新的法规和监测计划，以鼓励和适应新兴的生物修复技术。与迅速发展，资金充裕和技术先进的行业相反，智利的监管结构过时且缺乏科学依据。相对于其产量，关于智利鲑鱼养殖的环境影响的出版物数量很少。尽管如此，有文件记录了有机和无机废物对底栖生物群落，浮游生物和鸟类种群的影响。存在使用综合多营养水产养殖（IMTA）策略减少这些影响的技术，但尚未在商业规模上实施。我们呼吁政府和工业界支持建立一个资金充足且具有政治独立性的机构，以负责制定和执行智利基于科学的环境法规。该机构的近期目标应该是资助开发基于IMTA的透明的，基于生态系统的监管框架所需的研究。监视程序和许可程序必须考虑单个站点的影响以及多个站点在广泛的空间范围内的累积影响。在实现这些变化之前，环境威胁和人类健康风险将仍然高得令人无法接受，智利的鲑鱼养殖将不符合可持续性的任何合理定义。

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  • 来源
    《Ocean & coastal management》 |2009年第5期|243-249|共7页
  • 作者

    Alejandro H. Buschmann; Felipe Cabello; Kyle Young; Juan Carvajal; Daniel A. Varela; Luis Henriquez;

  • 作者单位

    Centro i-mar, Universidad de Los Lagos. Camino Chinquihue km 6, Puerto Montt, Chile;

    Department of Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA;

    Centro i-mar, Universidad de Los Lagos. Camino Chinquihue km 6, Puerto Montt, Chile;

    Centro i-mar, Universidad de Los Lagos. Camino Chinquihue km 6, Puerto Montt, Chile;

    Centro i-mar, Universidad de Los Lagos. Camino Chinquihue km 6, Puerto Montt, Chile;

    Centro i-mar, Universidad de Los Lagos. Camino Chinquihue km 6, Puerto Montt, Chile;

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