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首页> 外文期刊>Oceanographic Literature Review >A single-stage megaflood at the termination of the Messinian salinity crisis: Geophysical and modelling evidence from the eastern Mediterranean Basin
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A single-stage megaflood at the termination of the Messinian salinity crisis: Geophysical and modelling evidence from the eastern Mediterranean Basin

机译：终结Messinian Salinity危机的单一阶段Megaflood：来自地中海盆地的地球物理和建模证据

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The Messinian salinity crisis was an extraordinary event that resulted in the deposition of kilometre-thick evaporite sequences in the Mediterranean Sea after the latter became disconnected from the world's oceans. The return to fully and stable marine conditions at the end of the crisis is still subject to debate. Three main hypotheses, based on geophysical and borehole data, onshore outcrops and climate simulations, have been put forward. These include a single-stage catastrophic flood, a two-step reflooding scenario, and an overspill of Paratethyan water followed by Atlantic inflow. In this study, two research questions are addressed: (i) Which event marked the termination of the Messinian salinity crisis? (ⅱ) What was the sea level in the eastern Mediterranean Sea during this event? Geophysical data from the western Ionian Basin are integrated with numerical simulations to infer that the termination of the crisis consisted of a single-stage megaflood following a sea level drawdown of 1900 m. This megaflood deposited an extensive sedimentary body with a chaotic to transparent seismic signature at the base of the Malta Escarpment. Fine, well-sorted sediments are predicted to have been deposited within the thicker sections of the flood deposit, whereas a more variable distribution of coarser sediments is expected elsewhere. The north-western Ionian Basin hosts evidence of episodic post-Messinian salinity crisis slope instability events in the last ～1.8 Ma. The largest of these emplaced a ＞200 km~3 deposit and is associated with failure of the head of Noto Canyon (offshore SE Sicily). Apart from unravelling the final phase of the Messinian salinity crisis and the ensuing stratigraphic evolution of the western Ionian Basin, our results are also relevant to better understand megafloods, which are some of the most catastrophic geological processes on Earth and Mars.
机译：Messinian Salinity危机是一个非凡的事件，导致在后者与世界海洋断开连接后，在地中海的公里浓蒸发序列沉积。在危机结束时返回全面和稳定的海洋状况仍然涉及辩论。基于地球物理和钻孔数据，陆上露头和气候模拟的三个主要假设已经提出。这些包括单阶段灾难性的洪水，两步的reshooding场景，以及一个普拉塔特山水的超量溢出，然后是大西洋流入。在这项研究中，解决了两项研究问题：（i）哪个事件标志着汇率呼吸危机危机？ （Ⅱ）在此活动期间东地中海的海平面是什么？来自西奥尔米亚盆地的地球物理数据与数值模拟相结合，以推断危机的终止由海拔1900米的海平面绘制后的单阶段百万香。这座巨兆夫在马耳他悬崖基地沉积着广泛的沉积体，在透明的地震签名。预计细分良好的沉积物已经沉积在洪水沉积物的较厚部分内，而别处预期较粗沉积物的更可变的分布。西北离子盆地举办了剧院后梅西文盐度危机的证据，最后〜1.8 mA的山坡不稳定事件。这些中最大的储蓄的储蓄，与Notto Canyon头的失败有关（离岸Se Sicily）。除了解开Messinian Sality危机的最终阶段和西奥尔迪人盆地的随后的地层演变之外，我们的结果也与更好地了解Megafloods，这是地球和火星最灾难的地质过程。

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