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首页> 外文期刊>Knowledge Technology & Policy >Martial Bliss: War and Peace in Popular Science Robotics
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Martial Bliss: War and Peace in Popular Science Robotics

机译：婚姻幸福：科普机器人中的战争与和平

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In considering how to best deploy robotic systems in public and private sectors, we must consider what individuals will expect from the robots with which they interact. Public awareness of robotics—as both military machines and domestic helpers—emerges out of a braided stream composed of science fiction and popular science. These two genres influence news media, government and corporate spending, and public expectations. In the Euro-American West, both science fiction and popular science are ambivalent about the military applications for robotics, and thus we can expect their readers to fear the dangers posed by advanced robotics while still eagerly anticipating the benefits to be accrued through them. The chief pop science authors in robotics and artificial intelligence have a decidedly apocalyptic bent and have thus been described as leaders in a social movement called "Apocalyptic AI." In one form or another, such authors look forward to a transcendent future in which machine life succeeds human life, thanks to the march of evolutionary progress. The apocalyptic promises of popular robotics presume that presently exponential growth in computing will continue indefinitely, producing a "Singularity." During the Singularity, technological progress will be so rapid that undreamt of changes will take place on earth, the most important of which will be the evolutionary succession of human beings by massively intelligent robots and the "uploading" of human consciousness into computer bodies. This supposedly inevitable transition into post-biological life looms across the entire scope of pop robotics and artificial intelligence (AI), and it is from beneath that shadow that all popular books engage the military and the ethics of warfare. Creating a just future will require that we transcend the apocalyptic discourse of pop science and establish an ethical approach to researching and deploying robots, one that emphasizes human rather than robot welfare; doing so will require the collaboration of social scientists, humanists, and scientists.
机译：在考虑如何在公共和私营部门中最佳部署机器人系统时，我们必须考虑个人对与之交互的机器人的期望。公众对机器人技术（包括军事机器和家庭佣工）的意识源于科幻小说和科普小说所组成的编织辫子。这两种类型都会影响新闻媒体，政府和企业支出以及公众的期望。在欧美西部，科幻小说和通俗科学对机器人技术在军事上的应用都存有矛盾，因此，我们可以期望他们的读者担心先进的机器人技术带来的危险，同时仍热切期望通过它们获得的收益。机器人和人工智能领域的主要流行科学作者显然具有世界末日的倾向，因此被称为“世界末日的人工智能”社会运动的领导者。这些作者以一种或另一种形式期待着超然的未来，在这种未来中，由于进化的进步，机器生命将取代人类的生命。流行的机器人技术的启示性承诺假定当前计算的指数增长将无限期地持续，从而产生“奇异性”。在奇点时期，技术进步将如此之快，以至于地球上不会发生变化的梦想，其中最重要的将是大规模智能机器人对人类的进化继承，以及人类意识“载入”计算机体内。在流行的机器人技术和人工智能（AI）的整个范围内，这种向生物后生命的过渡不可避免，而正是在这种阴影的掩盖下，所有流行书籍都吸引了军事和战争伦理。要创造一个公正的未来，就需要我们超越流行科学的世界话语，并建立一种研究和部署机器人的道德方法，这种方法强调人类而不是机器人的福利。这样做需要社会科学家，人文主义者和科学家的合作。

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