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Inter-Organizational Collaboration, Knowledge Intensity, and the Sources of Innovation in the Bioscience-Technology Industries

机译：组织间的协作，知识密集度以及生物科学技术行业中的创新来源

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摘要

What makes some firms more innovative than others and what determines the source of these innovations are questions that are still not adequately answered due to the complex, often esoteric, nature of the innovation process. This paper considers the effect of one externally oriented strategy (extent of formal inter-organizational linkages) and one internally oriented strategy (degree of knowledge intensity) on overall levels of innovativeness and the source of these innovations. Using data collected from firms operating in the bioscience-technology industries in both New York and Utah, our results suggest that both of these strategies have a significant effect upon innovation levels and the source of innovation (internally versus externally stimulated). Interestingly, there were few firms that undertook both of these strategies simultaneously and thus the proposed interaction effect where increased absorptive capacity (on the basis of knowledge intensity) would make external linkages even more valuable could not be discerned.
机译：使某些公司比其他公司更具创新能力以及决定这些创新来源的是由于创新过程的复杂性（通常是深奥的）而仍未得到充分回答的问题。本文考虑了一种面向外部的策略（正式的组织间联系的程度）和一种面向内部的策略（知识强度的程度）对整体创新水平和创新来源的影响。使用从纽约和犹他州生物科技行业的公司收集的数据，我们的结果表明，这两种策略均对创新水平和创新来源（内部刺激与外部刺激）产生重大影响。有趣的是，很少有公司同时采用这两种策略，因此无法识别出所提议的相互作用效应，即吸收能力的提高（基于知识强度）将使外部联系更加有价值。

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