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Parametric investigation and characterization on SS316 built by laser-assisted directed energy deposition

机译:基于激光辅助定向能量沉积的SS316的参数研究和表征

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In the present work, parametric investigation and characterization of stainless steel 316 (SS316) built by laser-assisted directed energy deposition (L-DED) is performed. Single-track L-DED experiments are carried by varying laser power, scanning speed, and powder feed rate using full factorial experimental design. The effect of L-DED process parameters on the track geometry, deposition rate, and microhardness is investigated, and three different combinations of process parameters yielding maximum deposition rate and hardness are identified for bulk investigation. The identified process parameters are laser power of 1000 W, powder feed rate of 8 g/min, and scanning speed of 0.4 m/min, 0.5 m/min, and 0.6 m/min. The austenitic phase (gamma) is detected at all the conditions. However, ferrite (delta) peak is observed at 0.6 m/min due to microsegregation and thermal gradients. The minimum crystallite size is estimated to be 24.88 nm at 0.6 m/min. The porosity and microstructure analysis is carried out by optical microscopic images. The fine columnar dendritic structure is observed in L-DED samples at all conditions. An average microhardness of 317.4 HV0.98 N is obtained at 0.4 m/min, and it is observed that microhardness reduces with an increase in scanning speed mainly due to increase in lack of fusion and porosity. Tribology studies are carried out at different values of normal load and sliding velocity. The minimum specific wear rate of 0.02497 x 10(-4) mm(3)/Nm is observed at scanning speed of 0.4 m/min. Scanning electron microscope of the wear tracks analysis shows abrasive wear as the major wear mechanism. This study provides a path for building SS316 components for various engineering applications.
机译:在目前的工作中,进行了由激光辅助定向能量沉积(L-DED)制成的不锈钢316(SS316)的参数研究和表征。使用全因子实验设计,通过改变激光功率,扫描速度和粉末进料速度进行单轨L-DED实验。研究了L-DED工艺参数对磁道几何形状,沉积速率和显微硬度的影响,并确定了产生最大沉积速率和硬度的三种工艺参数组合,以进行批量研究。所确定的工艺参数是1000 W的激光功率,8 g / min的粉末进料速度以及0.4 m / min,0.5 m / min和0.6 m / min的扫描速度。在所有条件下都会检测到奥氏体相(γ)。但是,由于微偏析和热梯度,在0.6 m / min处观察到铁素体δ峰。在0.6 m / min时,最小微晶尺寸估计为24.88 nm。孔隙率和微观结构分析是通过光学显微图像进行的。在所有条件下,L-DED样品中均观察到细小的柱状树枝状结构。在0.4m / min下获得317.4HV0.98N的平均显微硬度,并且观察到显微硬度随着扫描速度的增加而降低,这主要是由于缺乏熔合和孔隙率的增加。在不同的法向载荷和滑动速度下进行摩擦学研究。在0.4 m / min的扫描速度下观察到的最小比磨损率为0.02497 x 10(-4)mm(3)/ Nm。扫描电子显微镜的磨损轨迹分析表明,磨料磨损是主要的磨损机理。这项研究为构建用于各种工程应用的SS316组件提供了一条途径。

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