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首页> 外文期刊>The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology >Parametric investigation and characterization of laser directed energy deposited copper-nickel graded layers
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Parametric investigation and characterization of laser directed energy deposited copper-nickel graded layers

机译：激光定向能量沉积铜镍分层层的参数调查和表征

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摘要

One of the exciting applications of laser directed energy deposition (LDED) is the fabrication of complex-shaped engineering components involving graded composition. In the present work, a 2 kW fibre laser-based LDED system is used to deposit copper-nickel (CuxNi(100-x)(x = 25, 50, and 75)) layers on copper (Cu) substrate. The single tracks are deposited at different combination of laser power, scan speed, and Cu-Ni compositions. Track geometry (width and height) indicates direct and inverse dependence with laser power and scan speed, respectively. For same LDED processing parameters, there is lower track height and wider track width with increasing Cu in Cu-Ni composition due to improved wettability. Further, analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows that laser power and scan speed are more significant for track width and track height, respectively. Graded bulk structures built at identified process parameters are characterized using optical microscopy, microhardness, and single cycle automated ball indentation (SC-ABI). Deposited Cu-Ni graded bulk has a density of > 99% with pure Cu and Ni phase. The microscopy analyses reveal defect-free deposition with fine dendritic growth in the bottom and middle layers, while equiaxed grains are observed in top layers. Microhardness measurements show a smooth hardness transition from deposit to the substrate with higher hardness. SC-ABI presents an increase in energy storage capacity by 2.25 times with the increase in Cu percentage. This work paves a way for fabricating Cu-Ni graded components for manufacturing engineering components.
机译：激光定向能量沉积（Lded）的令人兴奋的应用是涉及分级组成的复杂工程部件的制造。在本作本作中，使用基于2kW光纤激光的Lded系统在铜（Cu）衬底上沉积铜 - 镍（Cuxni（100-x）（x = 25,50和75））层。单个轨道以不同的激光功率，扫描速度和Cu-Ni组合物的不同组合沉积。轨道几何体（宽度和高度）分别用激光功率和扫描速度直接和逆依赖。对于相同的Lded加工参数，由于提高的润湿性，Cu-Ni组成中的Cu在Cu-Ni组合物中具有较低的轨道高度和更宽的轨道宽度。此外，方差分析（ANOVA）示出了对于轨道宽度和轨道高度，激光功率和扫描速度更为显着。采用光学显微镜，微硬度和单周期自动球凹口（SC-ABI）的梯度散装结构。沉积的Cu-Ni渐变体积具有> 99％的密度，纯Cu和Ni相。显微镜分析揭示了底层和中间层中具有细树枝状生长的无缺陷沉积，而在顶层中观察到等轴晶粒。微硬度测量表明，具有更高的硬度从沉积到基板的平滑硬度过渡。 SC-ABI在Cu百分比的增加增加，能量存储容量增加2.25倍。这项工作为制造工程部件制造了Cu-Ni分级部件的方法。

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