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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Transient and sustained increases in inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate precede the differential growth response in gravitimulated maize pulvini
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Transient and sustained increases in inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate precede the differential growth response in gravitimulated maize pulvini

机译：引力玉米pulvini中肌醇1,4,5-三磷酸的瞬时和持续增加先于差异生长反应

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The internodal maize pulvinus responds to gravistimulation with differential cell elongation on the lower side. As the site of both graviperception and response, the pulvinus is an ideal system to study how organisms sense changes in orientation. We observed a transient 5-fold increase in inositol l,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) within 10 s of gravislimulation in the lower half of the pulvinus, indicating that the positional change was sensed immediately. Over the first 30 min, rapid IP3 fluctuations were observed between the upper and lower halves. Maize plants require a presentation time of between 2 and 4 h before the cells on the lower side of the pulvinus are committed to elongation. After 2 h of gravistimulation, the lower half consistently had higher IP3, and IP3 levels on the lower side continued to increase up to approximately equals 5-fold over basal levels before visible growth. As bending became visible after 8-10 h, IP3 levels returned to basal values. Additionally, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase activity in the lower pulvinus half increased transiently within 10 min of gravistimulation, suggesting that the increased IP3 production was accompanied by an up-regulation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate biosynthesis. Neither IP, levels nor phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase activity changed in pulvini halves from vertical control plants. Our data indicate the involvement of IP3 and inositol phospholipids in both short- and long-term responses to gravistimulation. As a diffusible second messenger, IPs provides a mech. anism to transmit and amplif
机译：结节间的玉米质在下侧对重力刺激具有不同的细胞伸长反应。作为重力感受和反应的场所，肺泡是研究生物体如何感知方向变化的理想系统。我们观察到在下半部分的重力运动后10秒钟肌醇1,4,5-三磷酸（IP3）的瞬时增加了5倍，这表明位置变化立即被感知到。在最初的30分钟内，上半部分和下半部分之间观察到了IP3的快速波动。玉米植物需要在2-4分钟之间的播种时间，然后才能使下部下部的细胞开始伸长。重力刺激2小时后，下半部分始终具有较高的IP3，并且下侧的IP3水平持续增加，直至达到可见生长之前的基础水平的5倍。当在8-10小时后弯曲变得可见时，IP3水平恢复到基础值。此外，下腰部一半的磷脂酰肌醇4-磷酸5-激酶活性在重力刺激后10分钟内短暂增加，这表明IP3产量的增加伴随着磷脂酰肌醇4,5-双磷酸酯生物合成的上调。垂直对照植物的pulvini一半的IP水平和磷脂酰肌醇4-磷酸5-激酶活性均未改变。我们的数据表明IP3和肌醇磷脂参与短期和长期的对Gravistimulation的反应。 IP作为可扩散的第二信使，提供了机制。无神论传递和放大

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