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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Nonmonotonic quantum-to-classical transition in multiparticle interference
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Nonmonotonic quantum-to-classical transition in multiparticle interference

机译：多粒子干涉中的非单调量子到经典跃迁

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摘要

Quantum-mechanical wave-particle duality implies that probability distributions for granular detection events exhibit wave-like interference. On the single-particle level, this leads to self-interference-e.g., on transit across a double slit-for photons as well as for large, massive particles, provided that no which-way information is available to any observer, even in principle. When more than one particle enters the game, their specific many-particle quantum features are manifested in correlation functions, provided the particles cannot be distinguished. We are used to believe that interference fades away monotonically with increasing distinguishability-in accord with available experimental evidence on the single- and on the many-particle level. Here, we demonstrate experimentally and theoretically that such monotonicity of the quantum-to-classical transition is the exception rather than the rule whenever more than two particles interfere. As the distinguishability of the particles is continuously increased, different numbers of particles effectively interfere, which leads to interference signals that are, in general, nonmonotonic functions of the distinguishability of the particles. This observation opens perspectives for the experimental characterization of many-particle coherence and sheds light on decoherence processes in many-particle systems.
机译：量子机械波粒对偶性意味着颗粒检测事件的概率分布表现出波状干扰。在单粒子水平上，这会导致自干扰，例如，在穿过双狭缝的过程中，对于光子以及大质量的粒子，只要没有观察者可获得哪条路信息，即使在原理上也是如此。当一个以上的粒子进入游戏时，只要不能区分这些粒子，它们的特定多粒子量子特征就会在相关函数中体现出来。我们习惯于认为，干扰性随着可分辨性的提高而单调消失，这与单粒子和多粒子水平上的现有实验证据一致。在这里，我们从实验和理论上证明，只要有两个以上的粒子发生干涉，量子-经典跃迁的这种单调性就是例外，而不是规则。随着颗粒的可分辨性不断提高，不同数量的颗粒会有效地发生干涉，从而导致产生干扰信号，这些信号通常是颗粒的可分辨性的非单调函数。该观察为多粒子相干的实验表征开辟了前景，并阐明了多粒子系统中的去相干过程。

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  • 作者

    Young-Sik Ra; Malte C. Tichy; Hyang-Tag Lim; Osung Kwon; Florian Mintert; Andreas Buchleitner; Yoon-Ho Kim;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea;

    Physikalisches Institut Albert-Ludwigs-Universitaet, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany,Lundbeck Foundation Theoretical Center for Quantum System Research, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;

    Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea;

    Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea;

    Physikalisches Institut Albert-Ludwigs-Universitaet, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany,Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-Universitaet, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany;

    Physikalisches Institut Albert-Ludwigs-Universitaet, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany;

    Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    quantum interference; which-path information; quantum statistics;

    机译：量子干扰路径信息;量子统计;

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