Age dynamics in scientific creativity

Benjamin F. Jones; Bruce A. Weinberg

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Age dynamics in scientific creativity

机译：科学创造力的年龄动态

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摘要

Data on Nobel Laureates show that the age-creativity relationship varies substantially more over time than across fields. The age dynamics within fields closely mirror field-specific shifts in (i) training patterns and (ii) the prevalence of theoretical contributions. These dynamics are especially pronounced in physics and coincide with the emergence of quantum mechanics. Taken together, these findings show fundamental shifts in the life cycle of research productivity, inform theories of the age-creativity relationship, and provide observable predictors for the age at which great achievements are made.

机译：诺贝尔奖获得者的数据表明，年龄与创造力的关系随着时间的变化比跨领域的变化大得多。田间的年龄动态与（i）训练模式和（ii）理论贡献的普遍性密切相关。这些动力学在物理学中特别明显，并且与量子力学的出现相吻合。综上所述，这些发现表明了研究生产力生命周期的根本变化，为年龄与创造力之间的关系提供了理论依据，并为取得巨大成就的年龄提供了可观察的预测指标。

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《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》 |2011年第47期|p.18910-18914|共5页
作者
Benjamin F. Jones; Bruce A. Weinberg;
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作者单位

Department of Management and Strategy, The Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 50208,National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA 02138;

National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA 02138,Department of Economics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210;

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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
中图分类
关键词
innovation; history of science; scientific revolutions;

机译：革新;科学史;科学革命;

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5. Investigating the scientific creativity of fifth-grade students. [D] . Mohamed, Ahmed. 2006

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6. Age dynamics in scientific creativity [O] . Benjamin F. Jones, Bruce A. Weinberg 2011

机译：科学创造力的年龄动态
7. We develop a model of scientific creativity and test it in the field of rare diseases. Our model is based on the results of an in-depth case study of the Rett syndrome. Archival analysis, bibliometric techniques and expert surveys are combined with network analysis to identify the most creative scientists. First, alternative measures of generative and combinatorial creativity are compared. Then, we generalize our results and present a stochastic model of socio-semantic network evolution. The model predictions are tested with multiple networks of rare disease specialties. We find that new scientific collaborations among experts in a field enhance combinatorial creativity. Instead, high entry rates of novices are negatively related to generative creativity. By extending the set of useful concepts, creative scientists gain in centrality. At the same time, by increasing their centrality in the scientific community, scientists can replicate and generalize their results, thus contributing to a scientific paradigm. [O] . Massimo Riccaboni, Maria Laura Frigotto 100

机译：我们开发了一种科学创造力模型，并在稀有疾病领域进行测试。我们的模型基于对Rett综合征的深入案例研究的结果。档案分析，文献计量技术和专家调查与网络分析相结合，以确定最具创造力的科学家。首先，比较生成和组合创造力的替代措施。然后，我们推广了我们的结果，并提出了社会语义网络演化的随机模型。模型预测用多个罕见疾病专业网络进行测试。我们发现，一个领域的专家之间的新的科学合作增强了组合创造力。相反，新手的高入门率与生成创造力负相关。通过扩展这组有用的概念，创造性的科学家获得了中心地位。同时，通过增加科学界的中心地位，科学家们可以复制和推广他们的结果，从而促进科学范式的发展。

Age dynamics in scientific creativity

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