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Dynamical freezing of active matter

机译:活性物质的动态冻结

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摘要

When collections of interacting particles are externally driven, they typically form strongly fluctuating states with short-lived structures or patterns that are continually created and destroyed, such as those found in turbulent fluids (1) or fluctuating granular matter (2). In some cases, however, such driven systems do not remain in a strongly fluctuating state but instead organize into a peculiar dynamical state in which the fluctuations are strongly reduced or even completely lost. Such states typically involve the formation of some type of pattern, and they are considered to be dynamically "frozen" because the motion that does occur appears in a repeatable fashion or is confined only to specific localized regions.
机译:当相互作用粒子的集合从外部驱动时,它们通常会形成具有短暂结构或图案的强烈波动状态,这些结构或图案会不断产生和破坏,例如在湍流流体(1)或波动的颗粒物质(2)中发现的那些。但是,在某些情况下,这种驱动系统不会保持剧烈波动的状态,而是会组织成一种特殊的动态状态,在这种状态下,波动会大大减小甚至完全消失。这样的状态通常涉及某种类型的图案的形成,并且它们被认为是动态“冻结”的,因为确实发生的运动以可重复的方式出现或仅局限于特定的局部区域。

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