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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Antiretroviral therapy for tuberculosis control in nine African countries
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Antiretroviral therapy for tuberculosis control in nine African countries

机译:在九个非洲国家中,抗逆转录病毒疗法可控制结核病

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HIV has increased the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) by up to sevenfold in African countries, but antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces the incidence of AIDS-related TB. We use a mathematical model to investigate the short-term and long-term impacts of ART on the incidence of TB, assuming that people are tested for HIV once a year, on average, and start ART at a fixed time after HIV seroconversion or at a fixed CD4~+ cell count. We fit the model to trend data on HIV prevalence and TB incidence in nine countries in sub-Saharan Africa. If HIV-positive people start ART within 5 y of seroconversion, the incidence of AIDS-related TB in 2015 will be reduced by 48% (range: 37-55%). Long-term reductions depend sensitively on the delay to starting ART. If treatment is started 5,2, or 1 y after HIV seroconversion, or as soon as people test positive, the incidence in 2050 will be reduced by 66% (range: 57-80%), 95% (range: 93-96%), 97.7% (range: 96.9-98.2%) and 98.4% (range: 97.8-98.9%), respectively. In the countries considered here, early ART could avert 0.71 ± 0.36 [95% confidence interval (Cl)] million of 3.4 million cases of TB between 2010 and 2015 and 5.8 ± 2.9 (95% Cl) million of 15 million cases between 2015 and 2050. As more countries provide ART at higher CD4~+ cell counts, the impact on TB should be investigated to test the predictions of this model.
机译:在非洲国家,艾滋病毒已使结核病(TB)的发病率增加了七倍,但是抗逆转录病毒疗法(ART)可以减少与艾滋病相关的结核病的发病率。我们使用数学模型来调查ART对结核病发病率的短期和长期影响,假设人们平均每年接受一次HIV检测,并在HIV血清转化后的固定时间或在固定的CD4〜+细胞计数。我们将模型拟合为撒哈拉以南非洲9个国家的HIV流行率和结核病发病率趋势数据的趋势。如果艾滋病毒阳性人群在血清转化后5年内开始接受抗逆转录病毒治疗,到2015年,与艾滋病相关的结核病发病率将降低48%(范围:37-55%)。长期减少量敏感地取决于启动抗逆转录病毒疗法的延迟。如果在HIV血清转化后5,2或1 y开始治疗,或者一旦人们检测为阳性,则2050年的发病率将降低66%(范围:57-80%),95%(范围:93-96) %),97.7%(范围:96.9-98.2%)和98.4%(范围:97.8-98.9%)。在此处考虑的国家中,早期抗逆转录病毒疗法可以避免2010年至2015年间340万例结核病中0.71±0.36 [95%置信区间(Cl)]百万,而2015年至2015年之间可避免1500万例5.8±2.9(95%Cl)万2050年。随着越来越多的国家以更高的CD4〜+细胞计数提供抗逆转录病毒治疗,应研究其对结核病的影响,以检验该模型的预测。

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