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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Abrupt climate change and collapse of deep-sea ecosystems
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Abrupt climate change and collapse of deep-sea ecosystems

机译：突然的气候变化和深海生态系统的崩溃

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摘要

We investigated the deep-sea fossil record of benthic ostracodes during periods of rapid climate and oceanographic change over the past 20,000 years in a core from intermediate depth in the northwestern Atlantic. Results show that deep-sea benthic community "collapses" occur with faunal turnover of up to 50% during major climatically driven oceanographic changes. Species diversity as measured by the Shannon-Wiener index falls from 3 to as low as 1.6 during these events. Major disruptions in the benthic communities commenced with Heinrich Event 1, the lnter-Allerod Cold Period (IACP: 13.1 ka), the Younger Dryas (YD: 12.9-11.5 ka), and several Holocene Bond events when changes in deep-water circulation occurred. The largest collapse is associated with the YD/IACP and is characterized by an abrupt two-step decrease in both the upper North Atlantic Deep Water assemblage and species diversity at 13.1 ka and at 12.2 ka. The ostracode fauna at this site did not fully recover until 8 ka, with the establishment of Labrador Sea Water ventilation. Ecologically opportunistic slope species prospered during this community collapse. Other abrupt community collapses during the past 20 ka generally correspond to millennial climate events. These results indicate that deep-sea ecosystems are not immune to the effects of rapid climate changes occurring over centuries or less.
机译：我们调查了在过去20,000年来气候和海洋变化迅速的时期底栖ostracodes的深海化石记录，该记录的核心是西北大西洋的中深度。结果表明，在主要的气候驱动的海洋学变化过程中，深海底栖生物群落“崩溃”，动植物更新率高达50％。在这些事件中，通过香农-维纳指数衡量的物种多样性从3降至1.6。在海因里奇事件1，内阿勒洛特寒冷时期（IACP：13.1 ka），年轻得里亚树（YD：12.9-11.5 ka）以及深水环流发生变化时发生的几次全新世键事件，对底栖生物群落造成了重大破坏。 。最大的塌陷与YD / IACP有关，其特征是北大西洋深水组合和物种多样性在13.1 ka和12.2 ka处突然减少了两步。随着拉布拉多海水通风系统的建立，该地点的ostracode动物群直到8 ka才完全恢复。在这个社区崩溃期间，生态机会主义的斜坡物种繁荣了。在过去20 ka内，其他突然的社区崩溃通常都与千年气候事件相对应。这些结果表明，深海生态系统不能幸免于几个世纪或更短时间内发生的快速气候变化的影响。

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