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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Global mapping of ecosystem services and conservation priorities
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Global mapping of ecosystem services and conservation priorities

机译：生态系统服务和保护重点的全球绘图

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摘要

Global efforts to conserve biodiversity have the potential to deliver economic benefits to people (i.e., "ecosystem services"). However, regions for which conservation benefits both biodiversity and ecosystem services cannot be identified unless ecosystem services can be quantified and valued and their areas of production mapped. Here we review the theory, data, and analyses needed to produce such maps and find that data availability allows us to quantify imperfect global proxies for only four ecosystem services. Using this incomplete set as an illustration, we compare ecosystem service maps with the global distributions of conventional targets for biodiversity conservation. Our preliminary results show that regions selected to maximize biodiversity provide no more ecosystem services than regions chosen randomly. Furthermore, spatial concordance among different services, and between ecosystem services and established conservation priorities, varies widely. Despite this lack of general concordance, "win-win" areas-regions important for both ecosystem services and biodiversity-can be usefully identified, both among ecoregions and at finer scales within them. An ambitious interdisciplinary research effort is needed to move beyond these preliminary and illustrative analyses to fully assess synergies and trade-offs in conserving biodiversity and ecosystem services.
机译：全球保护生物多样性的努力有可能为人们带来经济利益（即“生态系统服务”）。但是，除非能够对生态系统服务进行量化和评估，并确定其生产区域，否则无法确定保护有益于生物多样性和生态系统服务的地区。在这里，我们回顾了制作此类地图所需的理论，数据和分析，发现数据的可用性使我们能够仅对四种生态系统服务量化不完善的全球代理。使用此不完整集作为说明，我们将生态系统服务图与生物多样性保护常规目标的全球分布进行了比较。我们的初步结果表明，选择最大化生物多样性的区域提供的生态系统服务不比随机选择的区域更多。此外，不同服务之间，生态系统服务与既定的保护重点之间的空间一致性差异很大。尽管缺乏普遍的一致意见，但在生态区域之间以及在其中更小范围内，都可以有效地确定对生态系统服务和生物多样性都很重要的“双赢”区域。需要开展雄心勃勃的跨学科研究工作，以超出这些初步和说明性分析的范围，以全面评估在保护生物多样性和生态系统服务方面的协同作用和权衡取舍。

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