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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Organ renewal and cell divisions by differentiated cells in Drosophila
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Organ renewal and cell divisions by differentiated cells in Drosophila

机译：果蝇中分化细胞的器官更新和细胞分裂

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摘要

For many organs, the processes of renewal and regeneration recruit stem cells to replace differentiated, postmitotic cells, but the capacity of an organ's differentiated cells to divide and contribute is uncertain. Most cells of the Drosophila adult are the descendants of dedicated precursors that divide and replace larval cells that are histolyzed during metamorphosis. We investigated the provenance of cells that reconstitute the second thoracic metamere of the tracheal system (Tr2). These cells contribute the precursors for Branchless(FGF)-dependent growth of the dorsal air sacs, the major tracheal organs of the adult fly. We found that, in contrast to the cells in other tracheal metameres that proceed through many cycles of endoreplication, the cells that constitute the Tr2 branches in young larvae do not. Like the cells in other tracheal metameres, these cells arrest mitotic cycling in the embryo and form differentiated, air-filled tracheal branches of the larva. We report here that they reinitiate cell divisions during the third instar (L3) to increase the Tr2 population by ≈10-fold with multi-potent cells.
机译：对于许多器官而言，更新和再生的过程会募集干细胞来替代分化的有丝分裂后细胞，但是器官分化的细胞分裂和贡献的能力尚不确定。果蝇成虫的大多数细胞是专用前体的后代，这些前体分裂并替代在变态过程中被组织化的幼虫细胞。我们调查了构成气管系统（Tr2）的第二胸椎间充质细胞的来源。这些细胞为背air囊（成年蝇的主要气管器官）的无分支（FGF）依赖性生长贡献了前体。我们发现，与其他通过气管内复制的多个循环进行的气管小细胞中的细胞相比，构成幼虫中Tr2分支的细胞没有。像其他气管metamere中的细胞一样，这些细胞阻止胚胎中的有丝分裂循环，并形成幼虫的分化的，充满空气的气管分支。我们在这里报告说，他们在第三龄期（L3）期间重新启动细胞分裂，以使多能细胞将Tr2群体增加≈10倍。

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