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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Trophic cascade facilitates coral recruitment in a marine reserve
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Trophic cascade facilitates coral recruitment in a marine reserve

机译：营养级联促进了海洋保护区的珊瑚招募

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摘要

Reduced fishing pressure and weak predator-prey interactions within marine reserves can create trophic cascades that increase the number of grazing fishes and reduce the coverage of macroalgae on coral reefs. Here, we show that the impacts of reserves extend beyond trophic cascades and enhance the process of coral recruitment. Increased fish grazing, primarily driven by reduced fishing, was strongly negatively correlated with macroalgal cover and resulted in a 2-fold increase in the density of coral recruits within a Bahamian reef system. Our conclusions are robust because four alternative hypotheses that may generate a spurious correlation between grazing and coral recruitment were tested and rejected. Grazing appears to influence the density and community structure of coral recruits, but no detectable influence was found on the overall size-frequency distribution, community structure, or cover of corals. We interpret this absence of pattern in the adult coral community as symptomatic of the impact of a recent disturbance event that masks the recovery trajectories of individual reefs. Marine reserves are not a panacea for conservation but can facilitate the recovery of corals from disturbance and may help sustain the biodiversity of organisms that depend on a complex three-dimensional coral habitat.
机译：降低的捕捞压力和海洋保护区内捕食者与猎物之间的相互作用较弱，会造成营养级联反应，从而增加放牧鱼类的数量，并减少大型藻类在珊瑚礁上的覆盖。在这里，我们表明，保护区的影响超出了营养级联，并增强了珊瑚的募集过程。放牧量的增加主要是由减少捕捞活动引起的，与大型藻类覆盖度呈极显着负相关，导致巴哈马礁系统内的新兵密度增加了2倍。我们的结论是有力的，因为测试和拒绝了可能在放牧和珊瑚招募之间产生虚假相关性的四个替代假设。放牧似乎会影响新兵的密度和群落结构，但未发现对珊瑚的总体大小-频率分布，群落结构或覆盖率有可检测的影响。我们将成年珊瑚群落中这种模式的缺乏解释为最近发生的干扰事件的影响的症状，该事件掩盖了单个礁石的恢复轨迹。海洋保护区不是保护的灵丹妙药，但可以促进珊瑚从干扰中恢复，并可以帮助维持依赖于复杂的三维珊瑚生境的生物的生物多样性。

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