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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >The protein ENH is a cytoplasmic sequestration factor for Id2 in normal and tumor cells from the nervous system
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The protein ENH is a cytoplasmic sequestration factor for Id2 in normal and tumor cells from the nervous system

机译:ENH蛋白是神经系统正常细胞和肿瘤细胞中Id2的胞质螯合因子

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摘要

Id2 is a natural inhibitor of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors and the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein. Active Id2 prevents differentiation and promotes cell-cycle progression and tumorigenesis in the nervous system. A key event that regulates Id2 activity during differentiation is translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Here we show that the actin-associated protein enigma homolog (ENH) is a cytoplasmic retention factor for Id2. ENH contains three LIM domains, which bind to the helix-loop-helix domain of Id proteins in vitro and in vivo. ENH is up-regulated during neural differentiation, and its ectopic expression in neuroblastoma cells leads to translocation of Id2 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, with consequent inactivation of transcriptional and cell-cycle-promoting functions of IQ. Conversely, silencing of ENH by RNA interference prevents cytoplasmic relocation of Id2 in neuroblastoma cells differentiated with retinoic acid. Finally, the differentiated neural crest-derived tumor ganglioneuroblastoma coexpresses Id2 and ENH in the cytoplasm of ganglionic cells. These data indicate that ENH contributes to differentiation of the nervous system through cytoplasmic sequestration of Id2. They also suggest that ENH is a restraining factor of the oncogenic activity of Id proteins in neural tumors.
机译:Id2是基本螺旋-环-螺旋转录因子和成视网膜细胞瘤肿瘤抑制蛋白的天然抑制剂。活性Id2可防止分化并促进神经系统的细胞周期进程和肿瘤发生。在分化过程中调节Id2活性的关键事件是从细胞核到细胞质的转运。在这里,我们显示肌动蛋白相关的蛋白质谜同源(ENH)是Id2的细胞质保留因子。 ENH包含三个LIM域,它们在体外和体内均与ID蛋白的螺旋-环-螺旋结构域结合。 ENH在神经分化过程中被上调,其在神经母细胞瘤细胞中的异位表达导致Id2从细胞核转移到细胞质,从而使IQ的转录和细胞周期促进功能失活。相反,通过RNA干扰使ENH沉默可防止Id2在视黄酸分化的成神经细胞瘤细胞中发生胞质重定位。最后,分化的神经c衍生的神经节神经母细胞瘤在神经节细胞的细胞质中共表达Id2和ENH。这些数据表明,ENH通过Id2的胞质隔离促进神经系统的分化。他们还表明,ENH是Id蛋白在神经肿瘤中致癌活性的抑制因子。

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