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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >A vital role of tubulin-tyrosine-ligase for neuronal organization
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A vital role of tubulin-tyrosine-ligase for neuronal organization

机译:微管蛋白酪氨酸连接酶在神经元组织中的重要作用

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摘要

Tubulin is subject to a special cycle of detyrosination/tyrosination in which the C-terminal tyrosine of α-tubulin is cyclically removed by a carboxypeptidase and readded by a tubulin-tyrosine-ligase (TTL). This tyrosination cycle is conserved in evolution, yet its physiological importance is unknown. Here, we find that TTL suppression in mice causes perinatal death. A minor pool of tyrosinated (Tyr-)tubulin persists in TTL null tissues, being present mainly in dividing TTL null cells where it originates from tubulin synthesis, but it is lacking in postmitotic TTL null cells such as neurons, which is apparently deleterious because early death in TTL null mice is, at least in part, accounted for by a disorganization of neuronal networks, including a disruption of the cortico-tha-lamic loop. Correlatively, cultured TTL null neurons display mor-phogenetic anomalies including an accelerated and erratic time course of neurite outgrowth and a premature axonal differentiation. These anomalies may involve a mislocalization of CLIP170, which we find lacking in neurite extensions and growth cones of TTL null neurons. Our results demonstrate a vital role of TTL for neuronal organization and suggest a requirement of Tyr-tubulin for proper control of neurite extensions.
机译:微管蛋白经历特殊的脱酪氨酸/酪氨酸循环,其中α-微管蛋白的C末端酪氨酸被羧肽酶循环去除,并被微管蛋白-酪氨酸连接酶(TTL)读取。该酪氨酸化循环在进化中是保守的,但是其生理重要性尚不清楚。在这里,我们发现小鼠的TTL抑制会导致围产期死亡。少量的酪氨酸(Tyr-)微管蛋白在TTL空组织中持续存在,主要存在于分裂的TTL空细胞中,该细胞起源于微管蛋白合成,但是在有丝分裂后的TTL空细胞(例如神经元)中缺乏,这显然是有害的,因为早期TTL无效小鼠的死亡至少部分是由神经元网络的混乱(包括皮质-tha-lamic环的破坏)造成的。相应地,培养的TTL空神经元显示形态光遗传异常,包括神经突增生的时间过程加快和不稳定以及轴突分化过早。这些异常可能涉及CLIP170的错误定位,我们发现它缺少TTL无效神经元的神经突延伸和生长锥。我们的研究结果证明了TTL对神经元组织的至关重要的作用,并提出了酪氨酸微管蛋白对神经突延伸的正确控制的要求。

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