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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Shoot circumnutation and winding movements require gravisensing cells.
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Shoot circumnutation and winding movements require gravisensing cells.

机译：芽的环行和缠绕运动需要细胞。

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摘要

Circumnutation and winding in plants are universal growth movements that allow plants to survive despite their sessile nature. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms controlling these phenomena remain unclear. We previously found that a gravitropic mutant of Japanese morning glory (Pharbitis nil or Ipomoea nil), Shidare-asagao (weeping), is defective not only in circumnutation but also in the winding response. This phenotype is similar to that of the Arabidopsis SCARECROW (SCR) mutant. We therefore investigated whether morning glory SCR (PnSCR) is involved in the weeping phenotype. We found that one amino acid was inserted into the highly conserved VHIID motif in weeping-type PnSCR; this mutation caused abnormal endodermal differentiation. We introduced either the mutant or WT PnSCR into Arabidopsis scr mutants for complementation tests. PnSCR of the WT, but not of weeping, rescued the shoot gravitropism and circumnutation of scr. These results show that both the abnormal gravitropism and the circumnutation defect in weeping are attributable to a loss of PnSCR function. Thus, our data show that gravisensing endodermal cells are indispensable for shoot circumnutation and the winding response and that PnSCR is responsible for the abnormal phenotypes of weeping.
机译：植物的环育和缠绕是普遍的生长运动，尽管植物具有固着性，但仍可使植物存活。但是，尚不清楚控制这些现象的详细分子机制。我们先前发现，日本牵牛花的重性变种（无咽炎或番薯）（Shidare-asagao）（哭泣）不仅在环化上有缺陷，而且在缠绕反应方面也有缺陷。该表型类似于拟南芥SCARECROW（SCR）突变体。因此，我们调查了牵牛花SCR（PnSCR）是否参与了哭泣表型。我们发现，一个氨基酸被插入到哭泣型PnSCR的高度保守的VHIID基序中。这种突变引起异常的内胚层分化。我们将突变体或WT PnSCR引入拟南芥scr突变体中以进行互补测试。 WT的PnSCR（而非哭泣）挽救了地心引力和scr的周围环境。这些结果表明，异常的重力运动和哭泣中的环发缺陷均归因于PnSCR功能的丧失。因此，我们的数据表明，有希望的内胚层细胞对于枝条的周生和缠绕反应是必不可少的，而PnSCR则是引起垂体异常表型的原因。

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