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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Fatty acid biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: lateral gene transfer, adaptive evolution, and gene duplication.
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Fatty acid biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: lateral gene transfer, adaptive evolution, and gene duplication.

机译：结核分枝杆菌中的脂肪酸生物合成：侧向基因转移，适应性进化和基因复制。

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摘要

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a high GC Gram-positive member of the actinobacteria. The mycobacterial cell wall is composed of a complex assortment of lipids and is the interface between the bacterium and its environment. The biosynthesis of fatty acids plays an essential role in the formation of cell wall components, in particular mycolic acids, which have been targeted by many of the drugs used to treat M. tuberculosis infection. M. tuberculosis has approximately 250 genes involved in fatty acid metabolism, a much higher proportion than in any other organism. In silico methods have been used to compare the genome of M. tuberculosis CDC1551 to a database of 58 complete bacterial genomes. The resulting alignments were scanned for genes specifically involved in fatty acid biosynthetic pathway I. Phylogenetic analysis of these alignments was used to investigate horizontal gene transfer, gene duplication, and adaptive evolution. It was found that of the eight gene families examined, five of the phylogenies reconstructed suggest that the actinobacteria have a closer relationship with the alpha-proteobacteria than expected. This is either due to either an ancient transfer of genes or deep paralogy and subsequent retention of the genes in unrelated lineages. Additionally, adaptive evolution and gene duplication have been an influence in the evolution of the pathway. This study provides a key insight into how M. tuberculosis has developed its unique fatty acid synthetic abilities.
机译：结核分枝杆菌是放线菌的高GC革兰氏阳性成员。分枝杆菌细胞壁由多种脂类组成，是细菌与其环境之间的界面。脂肪酸的生物合成在细胞壁成分特别是霉菌酸的形成中起着至关重要的作用，许多用于治疗结核分枝杆菌感染的药物已将脂肪酸作为目标。结核分枝杆菌约有250个基因参与脂肪酸代谢，其比例远高于其他任何生物体。已使用计算机方法将结核分枝杆菌CDC1551的基因组与58个完整细菌基因组的数据库进行比较。扫描所得的比对，寻找脂肪酸生物合成途径I特异涉及的基因。对这些比对的系统发育分析用于研究水平基因转移，基因复制和适应性进化。发现在检查的八个基因家族中，重构的系统发育中的五个表明放线菌与α-蛋白菌的关系比预期的更紧密。这可能是由于古老的基因转移或深层的寄生性以及随后基因在无关家族中的保留所致。另外，适应性进化和基因复制已经影响了该途径的进化。这项研究为结核分枝杆菌如何发展其独特的脂肪酸合成能力提供了重要的见识。

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