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Representations of the stem-cell cloning fraud: from scientific breakthrough to managing the stake and interest of science

机译：干细胞克隆欺诈的代表：从科学突破到管理科学的利益和利益

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The meteoric rise of Professor Wu Sook Hwang who had claimed to have successfully cloned embryonic stem cells in two landmark papers published in Science (2004, 2005) came to an abrupt end when it was discovered that the findings reported in both papers had been deliberately fabricated. Given the heightened expectations associated with therapeutic-cloning advances and their potential for alleviating a range of illnesses, this recent case of scientific fraud generated considerable controversy and 3public interest across the world. This paper examines a sample of texts taken predominantly from the British newsprint media that reported on both the so-called scientific "breakthrough" (as it was initially reported) and the subsequent fraud. Using Gilbert and Mulkay's analysis of scientists' discourse as a theoretical framework, our analysis focuses on how competing repertoires of science were mobilized by the media and the scientific community to account for the fraud. Specifically, we demonstrate how the empiricist repertoire of science was repeatedly mobilized in the initial reporting of the stem-cell "breakthrough" which functioned to warrant the scientific veracity and promissory potential of the findings. In contrast, when this so-called "breakthrough" was discovered to be fraudulent, a contingent repertoire was invoked to construct Hwang as a "bad apple," who was unrepresentative of the scientific community in general. We also detail the use of a Truth-Will-Out rhetorical device which in a similar way functioned to warrant the practice of embryonic stem-cell research specifically and the institution of science, more generally.
机译：当吴秀黄教授声称已经成功地在《科学》（2004年，2005年）上发表的两篇具有里程碑意义的论文中成功克隆了胚胎干细胞后，其迅速崛起突然结束，因为发现这两篇论文中的报道都是故意捏造的。鉴于对治疗克隆进展的期望越来越高，以及它们有望缓解一系列疾病，最近发生的科学欺诈案例在世界范围内引起了极大的争议和3公共利益。本文研究了一个样本样本，这些样本主要来自英国新闻纸媒体，这些媒体都报道了所谓的“科学突破”（最初报道是报道）和随后的欺诈行为。使用吉尔伯特和穆尔凯对科学家话语的分析作为理论框架，我们的分析重点是媒体和科学界如何动员相互竞争的科学知识来对欺诈行为负责。具体来说，我们展示了在首次报告干细胞“突破”方面如何反复动员了经验主义者的科学知识体系，以确保研究结果的科学准确性和合理性。相比之下，当发现这种所谓的“突破”是欺诈性的时，就会产生一个或有的曲目以将黄某构造为“坏苹果”，而这在整个科学界都不具有代表性。我们还详细介绍了“真相消灭”修辞器的使用，该修辞器以类似的方式起作用，以保证特别针对胚胎干细胞研究的实践以及更广泛的科学机构。

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