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首页> 外文期刊>River Research and Applications >USING BENTHIC INDICATOR SPECIES AND COMMUNITY GRADIENTS TO OPTIMIZE RESTORATION IN THE ARID, ENDORHEIC WALKER RIVER ATERSHED, WESTERN USA
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USING BENTHIC INDICATOR SPECIES AND COMMUNITY GRADIENTS TO OPTIMIZE RESTORATION IN THE ARID, ENDORHEIC WALKER RIVER ATERSHED, WESTERN USA

机译：在美国西部的内华达河沃克河干旱地区，利用底栖指示物种和群落梯度来优化恢复

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The challenge of restoring watersheds in arid regions often requires the development of novel scientific tools to guide management. The Walker Basin Program was created to reverse ecological decline in an arid, endorheic watershed through scientifically guided restoration. As part of this programme, 3 years of benthic macroinvertebrate samples were collected seasonally at 10 sites that represent the diversity of river environments from the high-mountain headwaters to a desert terminal lake. Samples were analysed to quantify baseline conditions in reference and degraded reaches of river and identify opportunities and constraints for aquatic community restoration. Naturally harsh environments in the lower river characterized by high temperatures and low base flow combined with a weak understanding of reference conditions to limit the utility of commonly used indices for quantifying biotic integrity. A flexible approach was employed using a combination of indicator species analysis, cluster analysis, canonical correspondence analysis, and community tolerance indices to evaluate the variation of benthic macroinvertebrate community composition across a set of environmental gradients. Results demonstrate that benthic communities in the watershed are primarily influenced by a longitudinal gradient related to elevation. A strong secondary community gradient caused by anthropogenic nutrient loading may constrain restoration effectiveness in some parts of the watershed. Restoration activities should improve water quality conditions and initially target areas of the watershed less affected by nutrient loading. Results also demonstrate that benthic communities shift longitudinally. These shifts should be monitored to inform adaptive management of restoration actions.
机译：恢复干旱地区流域的挑战通常需要开发新颖的科学工具来指导管理。沃克流域计划的创建是为了通过科学指导的恢复来扭转干旱，内陆流域的生态衰退。作为该计划的一部分，季节性地从10个地点采集了3年的底栖无脊椎动物样本，这些地点代表了从高山流水到沙漠终端湖的河流环境的多样性。对样品进行了分析，以量化参考河流和退化河段的基线条件，并确定水生群落恢复的机会和制约因素。下游自然环境恶劣，以高温和低基流为特征，加上对参考条件的了解不足，限制了常用指标对生物完整性进行定量。通过结合指标物种分析，聚类分析，规范对应分析和群落耐受指数，采用灵活的方法来评估底栖大型无脊椎动物群落组成在一组环境梯度中的变化。结果表明，该流域的底栖生物群落主要受到与海拔相关的纵向梯度的影响。人为营养物负荷引起的强烈的次级群落梯度可能会限制流域某些部分的恢复有效性。恢复活动应改善水质条件，并首先确定流域受营养物负荷影响较小的区域。结果还表明底栖生物群落是纵向移动的。应该监控这些变化，以告知恢复操作的自适应管理。

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