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首页> 外文期刊>Requirements Engineering >Collaborative traceability management: a multiple case study from the perspectives of organization, process, and culture
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Collaborative traceability management: a multiple case study from the perspectives of organization, process, and culture

机译：协作可追溯性管理：从组织，流程和文化的角度进行的多案例研究

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摘要

Traceability is crucial for many activities in software and systems engineering including monitoring the development progress, and proving compliance with standards. In practice, the use and maintenance of trace links are challenging as artifacts undergo constant change, and development takes place in distributed scenarios with multiple collaborating stakeholders. Although traceability management in general has been addressed in previous studies, there is a need for empirical insights into the collaborative aspects of traceability management and how it is situated in existing development contexts. The study reported in this paper aims to close this gap by investigating the relation of collaboration and traceability management, based on an understanding of characteristics of the development effort. In our multiple exploratory case study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 24 individuals from 15 industrial projects. We explored which challenges arise, how traceability management can support collaboration, how collaboration relates to traceability management approaches, and what characteristics of the development effort influence traceability management and collaboration. We found that practitioners struggle with the following challenges: (1) collaboration across team and tool boundaries, (2) conveying the benefits of traceability, and (3) traceability maintenance. If these challenges are addressed, we found that traceability can facilitate communication and knowledge management in distributed contexts. Moreover, there exist multiple approaches to traceability management with diverse collaboration approaches, i.e., requirements-centered, developer-driven, and mixed approaches. While traceability can be leveraged in software development with both agile and plan-driven paradigms, a certain level of rigor is needed to realize its benefits and overcome challenges. To support practitioners, we provide principles of collaborative traceability management. The main contribution of this paper is empirical evidence of how culture, processes, and organization impact traceability management and collaboration, and principles to support practitioners with collaborative traceability management. We show that collaboration and traceability management have the potential to be mutually beneficial-when investing in one, also the other one is positively affected.
机译：可追溯性对于软件和系统工程中的许多活动至关重要，包括监视开发进度和证明符合标准。在实践中，随着工件不断变化，跟踪链接的使用和维护面临挑战，并且开发是在具有多个协作涉众的分布式方案中进行的。尽管在以前的研究中通常已经解决了可追溯性管理问题，但仍需要对可追溯性管理的协作方面以及它在现有开发环境中的位置有经验的见解。本文的研究旨在在了解开发工作的特征的基础上，通过研究协作与可追溯性管理之间的关系来缩小这一差距。在我们的多个探索性案例研究中，我们对来自15个工业项目的24个人进行了半结构化访谈。我们探讨了哪些挑战出现，可追溯性管理如何支持协作，协作如何与可追溯性管理方法相关以及开发工作的哪些特征会影响可追溯性管理和协作。我们发现从业者面临以下挑战：（1）跨越团队和工具边界的协作；（2）传达可追溯性的好处；（3）维持可追溯性。如果解决了这些挑战，我们发现可追溯性可以促进分布式环境中的交流和知识管理。此外，存在具有多种协作方法的可追溯性管理的多种方法，即以需求为中心，开发人员驱动的混合方法。尽管可在敏捷开发和计划驱动的范式中利用可追溯性来进行软件开发，但仍需要一定程度的严格性以实现其优势并克服挑战。为了支持从业人员，我们提供了协作可追溯性管理的原则。本文的主要贡献是关于文化，流程和组织如何影响可追溯性管理和协作的经验证据，以及通过协作可追溯性管理支持从业人员的原则。我们表明，协作和可追溯性管理具有互惠互利的潜力-在投资其中一个时，另一个也会受到积极影响。

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