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首页> 外文期刊>Zeitschrift fur Arznei- und Gewurzpflanzen >Collaborative traceability management: a multiple case study from the perspectives of organization, process, and culture
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Collaborative traceability management: a multiple case study from the perspectives of organization, process, and culture

机译：协作可追溯性管理：从组织，过程和文化的角度来看，多案例研究

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摘要

Traceability is crucial for many activities in software and systems engineering including monitoring the development progress, and proving compliance with standards. In practice, the use and maintenance of trace links are challenging as artifacts undergo constant change, and development takes place in distributed scenarios with multiple collaborating stakeholders. Although traceability management in general has been addressed in previous studies, there is a need for empirical insights into the collaborative aspects of traceability management and how it is situated in existing development contexts. The study reported in this paper aims to close this gap by investigating the relation of collaboration and traceability management, based on an understanding of characteristics of the development effort. In our multiple exploratory case study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 24 individuals from 15 industrial projects. We explored which challenges arise, how traceability management can support collaboration, how collaboration relates to traceability management approaches, and what characteristics of the development effort influence traceability management and collaboration. We found that practitioners struggle with the following challenges: (1) collaboration across team and tool boundaries, (2) conveying the benefits of traceability, and (3) traceability maintenance. If these challenges are addressed, we found that traceability can facilitate communication and knowledge management in distributed contexts. Moreover, there exist multiple approaches to traceability management with diverse collaboration approaches, i.e., requirements-centered, developer-driven, and mixed approaches. While traceability can be leveraged in software development with both agile and plan-driven paradigms, a certain level of rigor is needed to realize its benefits and overcome challenges. To support practitioners, we provide principles of collaborative traceability management. The main contribution of this paper is empirical evidence of how culture, processes, and organization impact traceability management and collaboration, and principles to support practitioners with collaborative traceability management. We show that collaboration and traceability management have the potential to be mutually beneficial-when investing in one, also the other one is positively affected.
机译：可追溯性对于软件和系统工程中的许多活动至关重要，包括监测发展进度，并证明遵守标准。在实践中，跟踪链路的使用和维护是具有挑战性的，因为工件经历不断变化，并且在具有多个协作利益相关者的分布式场景中发生开发。虽然在以前的研究中已经解决了可追溯性管理，但需要对可追溯性管理的合作方面以及其位于现有发展环境中的合作方面有必要实证见解。本文报告的研究旨在通过调查协作和可追溯性管理的关系来缩小这种差距，这基于对发展努力的特征的理解。在我们的多个探索性案例研究中，我们对来自15个工业项目的24个人进行了半结构化访谈。我们探讨了哪些挑战，如何追溯管理如何支持合作，如何合作如何涉及可追溯性管理方法，以及发展努力的特点会影响可追溯性管理和合作。我们发现从业者争取以下挑战：（1）跨团队和工具界限的合作，（2）传达可追溯性的好处，（3）可追溯性维护。如果解决这些挑战，我们发现可追溯性可以促进分布式背景下的沟通和知识管理。此外，以多种协作方法，即要求为中心，开发人员驱动和混合方法，存在多种可追溯性管理方法。虽然可以使用敏捷和计划驱动的范式来利用可追溯性的软件开发，但需要一定程度的严格来实现其利益和克服挑战。为了支持从业者，我们提供协作可追溯性管理原则。本文的主要贡献是文化，流程和组织如何影响可追溯性管理和合作以及支持从业者的合作可追溯性管理的原则的经验证据。我们表明，协作和可追溯性管理有可能互利 - 当投资一个时，另一个人也受到积极影响。

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