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Bridging analog and digital expertise: Cross-domain collaboration and boundary-spanning tools in the creation of digital innovation

机译：融合模拟和数字专业知识：创建数字创新中的跨域协作和跨领域工具

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摘要

Expertise in digital technologies is necessary, but rarely sufficient to generate digital innovation. The purpose of this paper is to explore how specialists rooted in digital and analog knowledge domains engage in cross-domain collaboration to jointly create digital innovation. Our analysis cross-examines the literature on knowledge integration and coordination by examining the role of boundary-spanning tools in fusing divergent types of knowledge. The empirical setting for our study is the development of digital serious games, a novel breed of digital learning products whose creation involves a wide range of gaming/digital and learning/analog expertise. Drawing on an in-depth qualitative study, we find that boundary-spanning tools such as prototypes, mockups, and whiteboards serve as important knowledge bridges buttressing the overall innovation process, enabling diverse experts to increasingly align and integrate their divergent thought worlds and knowledge domains. Furthermore, we find that the alternative interplay among digital and non-digital tools supports the gradual transformation of digital and analog expertise into a novel digital format. Taken together, our results explicate how boundary-spanning tools facilitate collaborative work among specialists rooted in diverse digital and non-digital knowledge domains. Our findings contribute to the literature on knowledge integration and coordination in cross-domain collaboration and digital innovation.
机译：数字技术方面的专业知识是必要的，但很少能产生数字创新。本文的目的是探索植根于数字和模拟知识领域的专家如何进行跨域协作以共同创造数字创新。我们的分析通过检查跨边界工具在融合不同类型的知识中的作用来交叉检查有关知识整合和协调的文献。我们研究的经验基础是数字严肃游戏的发展，这是一种新型的数字学习产品，其创造涉及广泛的游戏/数字和学习/模拟专业知识。通过深入的定性研究，我们发现诸如原型，模型和白板之类的跨边界工具是支撑整个创新过程的重要知识桥梁，使多样化的专家能够越来越多地整合和整合他们不同的思想世界和知识领域。此外，我们发现数字和非数字工具之间的交互作用支持将数字和模拟专业知识逐步转换为新颖的数字格式。两者合计，我们的结果阐明了跨边界工具如何促进植根于不同数字和非数字知识领域的专家之间的协作工作。我们的发现为跨域协作和数字创新中的知识整合与协调提供了文献。

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