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Carcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: An Analysis of Screening Values, Guidelines, and Standards in the Northeast

机译：致癌性多环芳烃：东北地区筛查值，指导原则和标准的分析

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摘要

Risk-based, background, and laboratory quantitation limit-derived standards for carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (cPAHs) in residential and nonresidential soils vary across the northeast region of the United States. The magnitude and extent of this variation, however, have not been systematically studied. This article examines the technical basis and methodology used by eight northeastern states in the development of risk-based screening values, guidelines, and standards for cPAHs in soils. Exposure pathways, human receptors, algorithms, and input variables used by each state in the calculation of acceptable human health risks are identified and reviewed within the context of environmental policy and regulatory impacts. Emphasis is placed on a comparative analysis of multipathway exposures (incidental ingestion, dermal contact, and particulate inhalation) and key science-policy decisions that have led to the promulgation and adoption of different exposure criteria for cPAHs in the Northeast. More than 425 data points and 20 distinct exposure factors across eight state programs, 18 age subgroups, six activity scenarios, and three exposure pathways were systematically evaluated. Risk-based values for one state varied either above or below risk-based, background or laboratory quantitation limit-derived standards of another state for the same cPAH and receptor. Standards for cPAHs in soils were found to differ significantly across the northeast region-in some cases, by one or two orders of magnitude. While interstate differences can be expected to persist, future changes in federal guidance could mean a shift in risk drivers, compliance status, or calculated cumulative risks for individual properties impacted by PAH releases.
机译：在美国东北部地区，居民和非居民土壤中的致癌多环芳烃（cPAH）基于风险，背景和实验室定量限值的标准有所不同。但是，这种变化的大小和程度尚未得到系统的研究。本文研究了东北八个州在开发基于风险的土壤中cPAHs筛查值，指南和标准时所使用的技术基础和方法。在环境政策和法规影响的背景下，确定并审查每个州在计算可接受的人类健康风险中使用的接触途径，人类受体，算法和输入变量。重点放在对多途径暴露（偶然摄入，皮肤接触和微粒吸入）和关键科学政策决策的比较分析上，这些决策导致了东北cPAHs的颁布和采用不同的暴露标准。系统评估了八个州立计划，18个年龄亚组，六个活动场景和三个暴露途径的425个数据点和20个不同的暴露因子。一个州的基于风险的值在相同cPAH和受体的另一州基于风险的，背景或实验室定量限值得出的标准之上或之下变化。发现东北地区土壤中cPAHs的标准差异很大-在某些情况下，相差一两个数量级。虽然州际差异可能会持续存在，但联邦指导方针的未来变化可能意味着风险驱动因素，合规性状况或受PAH释放影响的单个资产的计算出的累积风险发生了变化。

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