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Variants of Epistemic Capitalism: Knowledge Production and the Accumulation of Worth in Commercial Biotechnology and the Academic Life Sciences

机译：认识论资本主义的变体：商业生物技术和学术生命科学中的知识生产和价值积累

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摘要

Capitalist dynamics in knowledge production are not limited to situations in which economic interests influence researchers' practices. Building on laboratory studies and the French "pragmatic" tradition in sociology, this article proposes an approach to tackle more pervasive capitalist logics at work in contemporary research and their consequences. It uses the term epistemic capitalism to denote the accumulation of capital, as worth made durable, through the act of doing research, in and beyond academia. In doing so, it conceptualizes capitalism primarily not as a system of circulation and accumulation of monetary value but rather as a cultural way of producing, attributing, and accumulating specific forms of worth, which need not be monetary. Empirically, the article studies variants in epistemic capitalism by addressing the differing role of the accumulation of different forms of capital and the regimes connected to it in two institutional settings in Austria, academic life science laboratories and biotechnology start-up companies. Concluding, it argues that analytically dissociating the concept of capitalism from its link to economic value allows a finer-grained cultural analysis of the importance and effects of processes of accumulation in contemporary research. It ends with discussing the normative implications of these findings for debates about the commercialization of academia.
机译：知识生产中的资本主义动力不仅限于经济利益影响研究人员实践的情况。本文以实验室研究和法国社会学的“实用”传统为基础，提出了一种方法，以解决当代研究中更普遍的资本主义逻辑及其后果。它使用认识论资本主义一词来表示在学术界内外通过研究的行为而值得持久的资本积累。在这样做的时候，它把资本主义的概念主要不是作为货币价值的流通和积累系统，而是作为一种生产，分配和积累特定形式的价值的文化方法，这些价值形式不必是货币。从经验上讲，本文通过研究奥地利两种学术机构，生命科学实验室和生物技术初创公司中不同形式的资本积累及其与之相关的制度的不同作用，研究了认知资本主义的变体。最后，它认为，通过分析将资本主义概念从其与经济价值的联系中分离出来，可以对当代研究中积累过程的重要性和影响进行更细粒度的文化分析。最后以讨论这些发现对学术界商业化辩论的规范意义进行讨论。

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