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A study of ambient fine particles at Tianjin International Airport, China

机译：中国天津国际机场的环境细颗粒研究

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摘要

The total count number concentration of particles from 10 to 1000 nm, particle size distribution, and PM_(2.5) (aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) mass concentration were measured on a parking apron next to the runway at Tianjin International Airport in China. The data were collected 250, 270, 300, 350, and 400 m from the runway. Wind direction and wind speed played important roles in determining the characteristics of the atmospheric particles. An inverted U-shaped relationship was observed between the measured particle number concentration and wind speed, with an average peak concentration of 22 × 10~5 partides/cm~3 at wind speeds of approximately 4-5 m/s. The atmospheric particle number concentration was affected mainly by aircraft takeoffs and landings, and the PM_(2.5) mass concentration was affected mainly by the relative humidity (RH) of the atmosphere. Ultrafine particles (UFPs, diameter ＜ 100 nm), with the highest number concentration at a particle size of approximately 16 nm, dominated the measured particle size distributions. The calculated particle emission index values for aircraft takeoff and landing were nearly the same, with mean values of 7.5 × 10~(15) particles/(kg fuel) and 7.6 × 10~(15) particles/(kg fuel), respectively. The particle emission rate for one aircraft during takeoff is two orders of magnitude higher than for all gasoline-powered passenger vehicles in Tianjin combined. The particle number concentrations remained much higher than the background concentrations even beyond 400 m from the runway.
机译：在中国天津国际机场跑道旁的停机坪上测量了10至1000 nm颗粒的总计数浓度，粒径分布和PM_（2.5）（空气动力学直径≤2.5μm）质量浓度。距跑道250、270、300、350和400 m收集了数据。风向和风速在确定大气颗粒特征方面起着重要作用。在测得的颗粒数浓度与风速之间观察到倒U形关系，在约4-5 m / s的风速下，平均峰值浓度为22×10〜5partions / cm〜3。大气粒子数浓度主要受飞机起降影响，PM_（2.5）质量浓度主要受大气相对湿度（RH）影响。超细颗粒（UFPs，直径<100 nm）在约16 nm的粒径下具有最高的数均浓度，主导了测量的粒径分布。计算出的飞机起飞和着陆的颗粒物排放指数值几乎相同，平均值分别为7.5×10〜（15）颗粒/（kg燃料）和7.6×10〜（15）颗粒/（kg燃料）。一架飞机起飞时的颗粒物排放率比天津所有汽油动力乘用车的总和高出两个数量级。甚至距跑道400 m以上，颗粒数浓度仍远高于背景浓度。

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  • 来源
    《The Science of the Total Environment》 |2016年第15期|126-135|共10页
  • 作者

    Jianlin Ren; Junjie Liu; Fei Li; Xiaodong Cao; Shengxiong Ren; Bin Xu; Yifang Zhu;

  • 作者单位

    Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China;

    Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China;

    Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China;

    Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China;

    Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China;

    College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China;

    Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Airport; Fine particles; Aircraft emissions; Number size distribution; PM_(2.5); On-site measurements;

    机译：飞机场;细颗粒;飞机排放物;数字大小分布;PM_（2.5）;现场测量;

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