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Scale Effects Of Megaprojects

机译：巨型项目的规模效应

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During the past decade, attention has been focused on the so-called megaprojects in coastal engineering. It is not exactly clear what projects qualify for this designation, but we must think of the large reclamation projects such as Chek Lap Kok airport in Hong Kong, the reclamation projects in the coastal zone of Singapore (e.g. Tuas, Changi Airport) and the large projects in the Gulf (Palm islands in Dubai, Pearl in Qatar, and so forth). History reveals that projects of similar size have been carried out long before, such as the construction of the Suez Canal and the Panama Canal, and the large works in the Netherlands: the closure of the former Zuiderzee comprising reclamation of 165,000 ha of land, and the Delta Project that includes closure of three major estuaries in the Delta of the rivers Rhine, Meuse, and Scheldt. Comparing the older and newer megaprojects, it is not the size that has changed but the execution time, which has come down roughly by a factor of 10. The acceleration of the construction process has been facilitated by upscaling the size and efficiency of construction equipment, mainly dredges. Relatively little attention has been paid to the effects of faster execution on individuals and organizations working on these projects. Similarly, little attention has been paid to the consequences of faster construction on coastal zone management. The physical changes are brought in place much faster than in the past, but the response time of nature has not changed. This also poses boundary conditions for organizations and people working in the field. It must be concluded that all these effects cannot be neglected, and eventually they must have an impact on the education of coastal engineers.
机译：在过去的十年中，注意力一直集中在沿海工程中所谓的大型项目上。目前尚不清楚哪些项目符合此指定条件，但我们必须考虑大型填海项目，例如香港的赤La角机场，新加坡沿海地区的填海项目（例如大士，樟宜机场）和大型填海项目。海湾地区的项目（迪拜的棕榈岛，卡塔尔的明珠等）。历史表明，类似规模的项目在很久以前就已经进行过，例如苏伊士运河和巴拿马运河的建设以及荷兰的大型工程：关闭前祖德泽河，包括开垦165,000公顷土地，以及三角洲项目包括关闭莱茵河，默兹河和谢尔德河三角洲的三个主要河口。与旧的和较新的大型项目相比，改变的不是大小，而是执行时间，大致减少了10倍。通过扩大建筑设备的尺寸和效率，加快了施工过程，主要是疏edge。相对而言，很少关注快速执行对从事这些项目的个人和组织的影响。同样，很少有人注意加快建设对沿海地区管理的后果。物理变化的发生速度比过去快得多，但是自然的响应时间并未改变。这也给在现场工作的组织和人员带来了边界条件。必须得出结论，所有这些影响都不能忽略，最终它们必须对沿海工程师的教育产生影响。

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