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Novel method for digital beamforming in co-prime sensor arrays using product and min processors

机译：使用乘积处理器和最小处理器在互质传感器阵列中进行数字波束成形的新方法

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摘要

The co-prime sensor array (CSA), obtained by systematically combining two ULAs with increasing inter-sensor spacing, has been recently introduced as an effective sparse configuration in direction of arrival estimation and beamforming applications. Since the inter-sensor spacing is frequently greater than the one-half wavelength, the CSA has the drawback of generating grating lobes in passive beamforming. To mitigate this problem, the authors propose a novel method based on digital beamforming at sub-array level using product and min processors. In this study, the main goal is nulling the grating lobes with known directions using multiplication of virtual and real patterns. Hence, the angular location of the grating lobes in the CSA sub-arrays are analytically extracted and trimmed so that by using new strategies, the grating lobes of the considered sub-array removed by nulls of the other sub-array. The performance of the proposed method in the CSA with N = N-1 + N-2-1 sensors is compared to a fully populated uniform linear array with M = N1N2 physical sensors. The results of analytical expressions and simulations demonstrate that the power pattern obtained by the proposed method in the CSA is better than the previous methods, so-called product and min processors.
机译：通过系统地结合两个ULA并增加传感器之间的间距而获得的互质传感器阵列（CSA），最近已作为一种有效的稀疏配置引入了到达估计和波束赋形应用的方向。由于传感器之间的间隔通常大于二分之一波长，因此CSA的缺点是在被动波束成形中会产生光栅波瓣。为了减轻这个问题，作者提出了一种使用乘积和最小处理器的基于数字波束形成的子阵列级新方法。在这项研究中，主要目标是使用虚拟和实数模式的乘法将已知方向的光栅波瓣置零。因此，CSA子阵列中的光栅波瓣的角位置被分析地提取和修整，以便通过使用新策略，所考虑的子阵列的光栅波瓣被其他子阵列的零位去除。将所建议的方法在具有N = N-1 + N-2-1传感器的CSA中的性能与具有M = N1N2物理传感器的完全填充的均匀线性阵列进行了比较。分析表达式和模拟的结果表明，在CSA中通过建议的方法获得的功率模式比以前的所谓乘积和最小处理器方法更好。

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