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首页> 外文期刊>Soil Science Society of America Journal >Effects of Thirty Years of Irrigation on the Genesis and Morphology of Two Semiarid Soils in Kansas
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Effects of Thirty Years of Irrigation on the Genesis and Morphology of Two Semiarid Soils in Kansas

机译：灌溉三十年对堪萨斯州两种半干旱土壤的发生和形态的影响

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摘要

Widespread adoption of irrigation began to occur in western Kansas in the 1950s. The western third of the state is in the ustic moisture regime, receiving about 400 to 500 mm of precipitation per year. Irrigation adds an additional 300 to 600 mm of water per year and effectively alters the natural climate. The Richfield and Keith soil series were investigated to determine if irrigation has caused changes in soil properties and morphology, affecting the genesis of irrigated soils. For each series, 10 long-term (28–31 yr) irrigated pedons and 10 adjacent pedons that had never been irrigated were sampled. The pH of the surface horizons of the irrigated Keith and Richfield pedons was 1.0 pH unit higher than the dryland pedons. Exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) was also higher in irrigated pedons. Irrigation did not significantly affect organic C content or the calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE). Irrigated pedons contained significantly higher amounts of total clay and showed an altered clay distribution within the profile. They also exhibited more strongly expressed argillic horizon properties in the field and in thin section than nonirrigated pedons. The data indicate that 30 yr of irrigation increased clay illuviation and mineral weathering, altered the surface horizon pH and ESP, and modified the natural genetic processes by increasing the rate of pedogenic activity.
机译：1950年代，在堪萨斯州的西部 灌溉开始广泛采用。该州的西部三分之一处于 水汽状态，每年约有400至500 mm降水 。灌溉每年增加300至600毫米的水 ，并有效地改变了自然气候。研究了Richfield 和Keith土壤系列，以确定灌溉 是否引起了土壤性质和形态的变化，从而影响了灌溉土壤的成因。对于每个系列，采样10个长期 （28-31年）灌溉脚架和10个从未灌溉过的 相邻脚蹬。灌溉的Keith和Richfield脚架的表面 pH值比旱地高1.0 pH单位。灌溉脚架上的可交换钠 百分比（ESP）也较高。灌溉 不会显着影响有机碳含量或碳酸钙当量（CCE）。灌溉的脚踏板中的 粘土总量明显较高，并且在剖面内粘土分布 发生了变化。它们在野外和薄断面 中还表现出比非灌溉更强烈表达的 泥质层位特性。数据表明，灌溉的30年 增加了粘土的侵蚀和矿物风化，改变了 地表的pH和ESP，并改变了自然遗传 的过程通过提高成岩活性的速率。

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