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Quantum dynamical phase transition in a system with many-body interactions

机译:具有多体相互作用的系统中的量子动力学相变

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Recent experiments, [G.A. Alvarez, E.P. Danieli, P.R. Levstein, H.M. Pastawski, J. Chem. Phys. 124 (2006) 194507], have reported the observation of a quantum dynamical phase transition in the dynamics of a spin swapping gate. In order to explain this result from a microscopic perspective, we introduce a Hamiltonian model of a two level system with many-body interactions with an environment whose excitation dynamics is fully solved within the Keldysh formalism. If a particle starts in one of the states of the isolated system, the return probability oscillates with the Rabi frequency ω_0. For weak interactions with the environment 1/τ_(SE) < 2ω_0, we find a slower oscillation whose amplitude decays with a rate 1/τ_φ = 1/(2τ_(SE)). However, beyond a finite critical interaction with the environment, 1/τ_(SE) > 2ω_0, the decay rate becomes 1/τ_φ ∝ ω_0~2τ_(SE). The oscillation period diverges showing a quantum dynamical phase transition to a Quantum Zeno phase consistent with the experimental observations.
机译:最近的实验,[G.A。阿尔瓦雷斯(E.P.) Danieli,PR Levstein,H.M. Pastawski,J.Chem。物理124(2006)194507]已经报道了自旋交换门的动力学中的量子动力学相变的观察。为了从微观角度解释此结果,我们引入了一个两级系统的哈密顿模型,该系统具有与人体的多动力学相互作用的环境,该环境的动力学在凯尔迪什形式主义中得到了完全解决。如果粒子以隔离系统的状态之一开始,则返回概率以拉比频率ω_0振荡。对于与环境1 /τ_(SE)<2ω_0的弱相互作用,我们发现振荡较慢,其振幅以1 /τ_φ= 1 /(2τ_(SE))的速率衰减。然而,除了与环境的有限临界相互作用之外,1 /τ_(SE)>2ω_0,衰减率变为1 /τ_φ∝ω_0〜2τ_(SE)。振荡周期发散,表明量子动力学相转变为量子芝诺相,与实验观察结果一致。

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