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首页> 外文期刊>Studies in History and Philosophy of Science. A >The professor and the pea: Lives and afterlives of William Bateson's campaign for the utility of Mendelism
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The professor and the pea: Lives and afterlives of William Bateson's campaign for the utility of Mendelism

机译：教授和豌豆：威廉·贝特森（William Bateson）为孟德尔主义效用而战的来世

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摘要

As a defender of the fundamental importance of Mendel's experiments for understanding heredity, the English biologist William Bateson (1861-1926) did much to publicize the usefulness of Mendelian science for practical breeders. In the course of his campaigning, he not only secured a reputation among breeders as a scientific expert worth listening to but articulated a vision of the ideal relations between pure and applied science in the modern state. Yet historical writing about Bateson has tended to underplay these utilitarian elements of his program, to the extent of portraying him, notably in still-influential work from the 1960s and 1970s, as a type specimen of the scientist who could not care less about application. This paper offers a corrective view of Bateson himself-including the first detailed account of his role as an expert witness in a courtroom dispute over the identity of a commercial pea variety-and an inquiry into the historiographic fate of his efforts in support of Mendelism's productivity. For all that a Marxian perspective classically brings applied science to the fore, in Bateson's case, and for a range of reasons, it did the opposite during the Cold War.
机译：英国生物学家威廉·贝特森（William Bateson（1861-1926））为孟德尔实验对于理解遗传学的根本重要性的捍卫者做出了许多努力，以宣传孟德尔科学对实用育种者的实用性。在竞选过程中，他不仅获得了饲养员作为值得聆听的科学专家的声誉，而且阐明了现代状态下纯科学与应用科学之间理想关系的愿景。然而，关于贝特森的历史著作往往在他的程序中低估了功利主义元素，在某种程度上将他描绘成人物，尤其是在1960年代和1970年代仍然颇有影响的著作中，他是科学家的典型样本，他们不关心应用。本文提供了贝特森本人的矫正观点，包括他在法庭上针对豌豆品种的身份纠纷中作为专家证人的角色的第一个详细说明，以及他为支持孟德尔主义生产力所做的努力的历史命运。就马克思而言，就贝特森而言，经典地使应用科学脱颖而出，由于种种原因，在冷战时期它却相反。

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