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Speech and song: The role of the cerebellum

机译：言语和歌曲：小脑的作用

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An exploration into cerebellar activity during the perception and production of speech and song may elucidate general underlying cerebellar functions. Recently, the cerebellum has been hypothesized to be involved with sharpening sensory input, temporal coordination and processing of motor articulation and perception, as well as instantiation of internal models that simulate the input-output characteristics of a specific system. Sung language and spoken language share many common features (physiology for articulation and perception as well as phonology, phonotactics, syntax, and semantics of the underlying language), although they differ in certain vocal and prosodic aspects. A review of the literature on perception and production of singing and speech reveals considerable overlap in the lateral aspect of the VI lobule of the posterior cerebellum, a region known to somatotopically represent the lips and tongue. This region may instantiate internal models of vocal tract articulation that simulate well learned phonological and/or segmental articulatory—auditory/orosensory mappings utilized for both speech and singing. Recent results show tendencies for left cerebellar hemispheric specialization for processing of singing and right specialization for processing of speech, both in the VI lobule of the cerebellum, inferior to that found for representing both speech and singing. Given the crossed pattern of cerebellar-cortical anatomical connectivity the findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the right cerebellum differentially processes high pass filtered information (segmental properties) and the left cerebellum differentially processes low pass filtered information (prosodic, melodic properties). Further research is necessary to examine these hypotheses and their alternatives directly.
机译：对语音和歌曲的感知和产生过程中小脑活动的探索可能阐明了基本的小脑潜在功能。最近，小脑被认为与敏锐的感觉输入，运动协调和感觉的时间协调，处理以及模拟特定系统的输入输出特性的内部模型的实例化有关。歌唱语言和口头语言具有许多共同的特征（发音和感知的生理学以及基础语言的语音学，音韵学，句法和语义），尽管它们在某些声音和韵律方面有所不同。有关歌唱和言语感知和产生的文献研究表明，小脑后部小叶VI小叶的侧面有相当多的重叠，小脑后部在体表上代表嘴唇和舌头。该区域可以实例化声道发音的内部模型，该内部模型模拟用于语音和唱歌的良好学习的语音和/或节段发音-听觉/口感映射。最近的结果表明，在小脑的VI小叶中，左小脑半球专科用于歌唱处理的倾向和右专科用于言语处理的倾向均次于代表语音和歌唱的表现。给定小脑皮质解剖学连通性的交叉模式，该发现与以下假设相符：右小脑差分处理高通滤波信息（分段性质），左小脑差分处理低通滤波信息（韵律，旋律性质）。有必要进行进一步的研究以直接检查这些假设及其替代方案。

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