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Considering the summation of the effect of harmful substances during the calculation of the environmentally safe waste water discharge

机译：在计算环境安全废水排放量时考虑有害物质影响的总和

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摘要

This article presents the technique of assessing the maximum allowable (standard) discharge of waste waters with several harmful substances into a water reservoir. The technique makes it possible to take into account the summation of their effect provided that the limiting harmful indices are the same. The expressions for the determination of the discharge limit of waste waters have been derived from the conditions of admissibility of the effect of several harmful substances on the waters of a reservoir. Mathematical conditions of admissibility of the effect of wastewaters on a reservoir are given for the characteristic combinations of limiting harmful indices and hazard classes of several substances. The conditions of admissibility of effects are presented in the form of logical products of the sums of relative concentrations that should not exceed the value of 1. It is shown that the calculation of the process of wastewater dilution in a flowing water reservoir is possible only on the basis of a numerical method to assess the wastewater discharge limit. An example of the numerical calculation of the standard limit of industrial enterprise wastewater discharges that contain polysulfide oil, flocculant VPK-101, and fungicide captan is given to test this method. In addition to these three harmful substances, the water reservoir also contained a fourth substance, namely, Zellek-Super herbicide, above the waste discharge point. The summation of the harmful effect was taken into account for VPK-101, captan, and Zellek-Super. The reliability of the technique was tested by the calculation of concentrations of the four substances in the control point of the flowing reservoir during the estimated maximum allowable wastewater discharge. It is shown that the value of the maximum allowable discharge limit was almost two times higher for the example under consideration, taking into account that the effect of harmful substances was unidirectional, which provides a higher level of environmental safety for them.
机译：本文介绍了一种技术，该技术可评估几种有害物质进入蓄水池的废水的最大允许排放量（标准）。如果极限有害指数相同，则该技术可以考虑其作用的总和。用于确定废水排放极限的表达式是根据几种有害物质对水库水的影响的可接受条件得出的。针对限制有害指数和几种物质的危害类别的特征组合，给出了废水对水库的影响可容许的数学条件。效应的容许条件以相对浓度总和的逻辑积形式表示，其相对值之和不得超过1。表明，只有在以下情况下，才可以对流动水库中的废水稀释过程进行计算。评估废水排放极限的数值方法的基础。给出了一个工业企业废水排放标准限值的数值计算示例，该排放标准包含多硫化油，絮凝剂VPK-101和杀菌剂硫丹。除这三种有害物质外，储水罐还包含第四种物质，即高于排污点的Zellek-Super除草剂。对于VPK-101，captan和Zellek-Super，将有害影响的总和考虑在内。通过计算在估计的最大允许废水排放量期间流动水库控制点中四种物质的浓度，测试了该技术的可靠性。结果表明，考虑到有害物质的作用是单向的，对于所考虑的示例，最大允许排放限值的值几乎高出两倍，这为它们提供了更高水平的环境安全性。

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