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首页> 外文期刊>Tobacco control >Flushing out smoking: measuring population tobacco use via wastewater analysis
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Flushing out smoking: measuring population tobacco use via wastewater analysis

机译：消除吸烟：通过废水分析测量人口烟草使用

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摘要

Population smoking prevalence is an important indicator of population health. Monitoring trends in tobacco use over time is essential in evaluating the impact of tobacco control strategies, such as mass media campaigns, tobacco tax increases, graphic health warnings and mandatory plain packaging of cigarettes. Geographic and demographic differences in tobacco consumption trends can also provide important information about the equity of effects of tobacco control policies on equity of health outcomes. Cross-sectional household surveys are the main source of smoking prevalence estimates. The reliability of these estimates relies on large representative samples of the population providing accurate information on their tobacco use. This survey data is resource and time intensive to collect and declining participation rates may decrease their representativeness. The denormalisation of smoking also has potentially important implications for the accuracy of general household surveys of smoking. Less advantaged and highly marginalised members of society (e.g. current and former prisoners, homeless people, people with serious mental illness, people with poor literacy and indigenous people living in remote communities) are less likely to participate in general household surveys and more likely to smoke. Among smokers who are not experiencing social disadvantage, light, intermittent and social smoking patterns appear to have increased. If these smokers are less likely to consider themselves to be 'smokers' and under-report their smoking behaviour, survey data may increasingly underestimate population tobacco use. Smoking prevalence estimates derived from surveys may also be affected by whether non-daily smoking is also measured and what age range is included in the survey.
机译：人口吸烟率是人口健康的重要指标。在评估烟草控制策略（例如大众媒体宣传，增加烟草税，图形健康警告和强制性平装香烟）的影响时，监视一段时间内烟草使用的趋势至关重要。烟草消费趋势的地理和人口差异也可以提供有关烟草控制政策对健康成果公平性影响的公平性的重要信息。横断面家庭调查是吸烟率估算的主要来源。这些估计值的可靠性取决于人口的大量代表性样本，这些样本提供了有关其烟草使用的准确信息。该调查数据需要大量资源和时间来收集，参与率下降可能会降低其代表性。吸烟的非正常化对一般家庭吸烟调查的准确性也可能具有重要的意义。社会地位较低的弱势群体（例如现役和前囚犯，无家可归的人，患有严重精神疾病的人，识字能力差的人以及生活在偏远社区的土著人民），不太可能参加一般的家庭调查，而吸烟的可能性更大。在没有遭受社会不利影响的吸烟者中，轻度，间歇性和社交吸烟模式似乎有所增加。如果这些吸烟者不太可能认为自己是“吸烟者”，并且低估了其吸烟行为，那么调查数据可能会越来越低估人口烟草使用。从调查得出的吸烟流行率估计值也可能会受到是否还测量非每日吸烟以及调查中包括的年龄范围的影响。

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  • 来源
    《Tobacco control》 |2015年第1期|1-2|共2页
  • 作者

    Coral Gartner;

  • 作者单位

    UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Site, Herston Qld 4029, Australia;

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