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Fragmentation of the Golgi Apparatus: An Early Apoptotic Event Independent of the Cytoskeleton

机译：高尔基体的碎片：独立于细胞骨架的早期凋亡事件。

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The Golgi apparatus undergoes irreversible fragmentation during apoptosis, in part as a result of caspase-mediated cleavage of several Golgi-associated proteins. However, Golgi structure and orientation is also regulated by the cytoskeleton and cytoskeletal changes have been implicated in inducing apoptosis. Consequently, we have analyzed the role of actin filaments and micro-tubules in apoptotic Golgi fragmentation. We demonstrate that in Fas receptor-activated cells, fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus was an early event that coincided with release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. Significantly, Golgi fragmentation preceded major changes in the organization of both the actin cytoskeleton and microtubules. In staurosporine-treated cells, actin filament organization was rapidly disrupted; however, the Golgi apparatus maintained its juxtanuclear localization and underwent complete fragmentation only at later times. Attempts to stabilize actin filaments with jaspla-kinolide prior to treatment with staurosporine did not prevent Golgi fragmentation. Finally, in response to Fas receptor activation or staurosporine treatment the levels of β-actin or α-tubulin remained unaltered, whereas several Golgi proteins, p 115 and golgin-160, underwent caspase-mediated cleavage. Our data demonstrate that breakdown of the Golgi apparatus is an early event during apoptosis that occurs independently of major changes to the actin and tubulin cytoskeleton.
机译：高尔基体细胞凋亡过程中发生不可逆的断裂，部分原因是半胱天冬酶介导的几种高尔基体相关蛋白的裂解。然而，高尔基体的结构和方向也受细胞骨架的调节，并且细胞骨架的变化也与诱导细胞凋亡有关。因此，我们分析了肌动蛋白丝和微管在高尔基细胞凋亡中的作用。我们证明，在Fas受体激活的细胞中，高尔基体的破碎是一个早期事件，与线粒体中细胞色素c的释放同时发生。重要的是，高尔基片段化发生在肌动蛋白细胞骨架和微管的组织发生重大变化之前。在星形孢菌素处理的细胞中，肌动蛋白丝组织迅速被破坏。然而，高尔基体保持了其近核的定位，并且仅在以后的时间才经历了完整的破碎。在用星形孢菌素治疗之前，尝试用jaspla-kinolide稳定肌动蛋白丝不能阻止高尔基体碎裂。最后，响应于Fas受体活化或星形孢菌素治疗，β-肌动蛋白或α-微管蛋白的水平保持不变，而几种高尔基体蛋白，p 115和golgin-160受到caspase介导的裂解。我们的数据表明，高尔基体的崩溃是凋亡期间的早期事件，其独立于肌动蛋白和微管蛋白细胞骨架的重大变化而发生。

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