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Preconditioning for Traumatic Brain Injury

机译：创伤性脑损伤的预处理

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摘要

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) treatment is now focused on the prevention of primary injury and reduction of secondary injury. However, no single effective treatment is available as yet for the mitigation of traumatic brain damage in humans. Both chemical and environmental stresses applied before injury have been shown to induce consequent protection against post-TBI neuronal death. This concept termed “preconditioning” is achieved by exposure to different pre-injury stressors to achieve the induction of “tolerance” to the effect of the TBI. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this “tolerance” phenomenon are not fully understood in TBI, and therefore even less information is available about possible indications in clinical TBI patients. In this review, we will summarize TBI pathophysiology, and discuss existing animal studies demonstrating the efficacy of preconditioning in diffuse and focal type of TBI. We will also review other non-TBI preconditioning studies, including ischemic, environmental, and chemical preconditioning, which maybe relevant to TBI. To date, no clinical studies exist in this field, and we speculate on possible future clinical situations, in which pre-TBI preconditioning could be considered.
机译：现在，创伤性脑损伤（TBI）治疗的重点是预防原发性损伤和减少继发性损伤。但是，目前尚无单一有效的治疗方法可减轻人类的颅脑损伤。损伤之前施加的化学和环境压力均显示出可诱导针对TBI后神经元死亡的保护作用。通过暴露于不同的损伤前应激源以实现对TBI效果的“耐受性”诱导，可以实现称为“预适应”的概念。但是，在TBI中尚未完全理解这种“耐受”现象背后的确切机制，因此，关于临床TBI患者可能的适应症的信息甚至更少。在这篇综述中，我们将总结TBI的病理生理学，并讨论现有的动物研究，以证明TBI在弥散性和局灶性TBI中的有效性。我们还将回顾其他可能与TBI相关的非TBI预处理研究，包括缺血，环境和化学预处理。迄今为止，该领域尚无临床研究，我们推测可能考虑的TBI预处理可能存在的未来临床情况。

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  • 来源
    《Translational Stroke Research》 |2013年第1期|25-39|共15页
  • 作者

    Shoji Yokobori; Anna T Mazzeo; Khadil Hosein; Shyam Gajavelli; W. Dalton Dietrich; M. Ross Bullock;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Neurosurgery Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami">(1);

    Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Nippon Medical School">(2);

    Department of Neurosurgery Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami">(1);

    Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care University of Turin">(3);

    Department of Neurosurgery Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami">(1);

    Department of Neurosurgery Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami">(1);

    Department of Neurosurgery Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami">(1);

    Department of Neurosurgery Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami">(1);

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Preconditioning; Traumatic brain injury; Neuroprotection; Pathophysiology;

    机译：预处理;创伤性脑损伤;神经保护;病理生理学;

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