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The transportation systems of Buenos Aires, Chicago and Sao Paulo: City centers, infrastructure and policy analysis

机译：布宜诺斯艾利斯，芝加哥和圣保罗的交通系统：市中心，基础设施和政策分析

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摘要

We compare the passenger transportation systems of Buenos Aires, Chicago and Slio Paulo. The selected cities represent distinctive combinations of land-use, infrastructure, and evolution of transport policy. Analysis is centered oh accessibility to downtown areas, where transportation processes converge in an environment where space is scarce. In two of the three cities institutional arrays that legally establish unified decision making have shown little capacity to launch fare or physical coordination between modes. In two of the three cities the concentration of public transportation supply to historical downtowns has not been an attraction factor, and downtown uses have expanded to less accessible areas. Gen-trification in Chicago is also another process showing that land use changes are related to many factors, transportation being only one of them, and not always a necessary one. In all three cases the use of railways, as a set of inherited infrastructures, has seen an increase whose magnitude suggests a link to modal reassignment due to increasing congestion. Scarcity of space in old downtown areas is being counteracted through more intense use, or through the expansion of vertical space for transportation operations.
机译：我们比较了布宜诺斯艾利斯，芝加哥和Slio Paulo的客运系统。选定的城市代表了土地利用，基础设施和交通政策演变的独特组合。分析的重点是可到达市区的交通便利性，而市区的交通流程在空间稀缺的环境中汇聚。在三个城市中的两个中，依法建立统一决策的机构机构几乎没有能力发起票价或各种模式之间的身体协调。在三个城市中的两个中，向历史悠久的市中心提供公共交通的集中度并不是吸引因素，而且市中心的用途已扩展到交通不便的地区。芝加哥的“上等化”也是另一个过程，表明土地利用的变化与许多因素有关，运输只是其中之一，而并非总是必要的。在所有这三种情况下，铁路作为一套继承的基础设施的使用都在增加，其数量表明，由于交通拥堵，与模态重新分配有关。通过更广泛地使用或通过扩大垂直交通运输空间，可以消除旧城区的空间不足。

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