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Environmental and economic impacts of livestock productivity increase in sub-Saharan Africa

机译：撒哈拉以南非洲地区牲畜生产率提高对环境和经济的影响

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摘要

Livestock production in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is not matching the annual 2.5 % growth of its population. Regional per capita meat and milk production corresponds, respectively, to about 13 and 8 % of developed countries indicators. Livestock performances in this region have decreased within the last 30 years. In fact, SSA, with a 12 % bovine extraction rate against a world average of 21 %, includes about 16 % of world cattle, only producing 6 and 2.6 % of global meat and milk, respectively. These low performances have economic and environmental consequences reflecting the necessity for upgrading livestock managing skills in the region. This effort includes various components such as sanitary prophylaxis, reproduction, nutrition, and in particular, substantial increase in livestock yield for human consumption. This will allow for an improved animal and pasture management and soil preservation, enhancing meat production and decreasing methane and nitrogen emissions from enteric fermentation and manure processing. These environmental gains due to increased livestock off-take rates can represent relevant credits in the global Environmental Carbon Market under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Kyoto protocol. These credits can be used for investments in livestock essential services and marketing facilities leading to improved productivity.
机译：撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）的畜牧生产与人口的2.5％的年增长率不匹配。人均肉类和奶类的区域产量分别相当于发达国家指标的约13％和8％。在过去30年中，该地区的畜牧业表现有所下降。实际上，SSA的牛提取率为12％，而世界平均水平为21％，其中包括约16％的世界牛，仅分别占全球肉类和牛奶的6％和2.6％。这些低水平的表现对经济和环境造成影响，反映出有必要提高该地区的牲畜管理技能。这项工作包括各种组成部分，例如卫生预防，繁殖，营养，尤其是大幅提高人类消费的牲畜产量。这将改善动物和牧场的管理以及土壤的保存，提高肉类产量并减少肠内发酵和粪肥加工过程中甲烷和氮的排放。由于增加了牲畜的摄取率而获得的这些环境收益可以代表《联合国气候变化框架公约》京都议定书所规定的全球环境碳市场的相关信用。这些信贷可用于对牲畜基本服务和销售设施的投资，从而提高生产力。

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  • 来源
    《Tropical Animal Health and Production》 |2012年第8期|1879-1884|共6页
  • 作者

    Luis Alfaro Cardoso;

  • 作者单位

    Tropical Research Institute (IICT) and Interdisciplinary Centre for Animal Health Research (CIISA) Veterinary Medicine Faculty Technical University Lisbon Portugal;

    Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária-CVZ Tropical Research Institute (IICT) and Interdisciplinary Centre for Animal Health Research (CIISA) Veterinary Medicine Faculty Avenida da Universidade Técnica 1300-477 Lisbon Portugal;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Environment; Livestock; Productivity; Sub-Saharan Africa;

    机译：环境;畜牧业;生产力;撒哈拉以南非洲;

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