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Experimental investigation of wood combustion in a fixed bed with hot air

机译：固定床热风燃烧木材的实验研究

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Waste combustion on a grate with energy recovery is an important pillar of municipal solid waste (MSW) management in the Netherlands. In MSW incinerators fresh waste stacked on a grate enters the combustion chamber, heats up by radiation from the flame above the layer and ignition occurs. Typically, the reaction zone starts at the top of the waste layer and propagates downwards, producing heat for drying and devolatilization of the fresh waste below it until the ignition front reaches the grate. The control of this process is mainly based on empiricism. MSW is a highly inhomogeneous fuel with continuous fluctuating moisture content, heating value and chemical composition. The resulting process fluctuations may cause process control difficulties, fouling and corrosion issues, extra maintenance, and unplanned stops. In the new concept the fuel layer is ignited by means of preheated air (T＞220℃) from below without any external ignition source. As a result a combustion front will be formed close to the grate and will propagate upwards. That is why this approach is denoted by upward combustion. Experimental research has been carried out in a batch reactor with height of 4.55 m, an inner diameter of 200 mm and a fuel layer height up to 1 m. Due to a high quality two-layer insulation adiabatic conditions can be assumed. The primary air can be preheated up to 350℃, and the secondary air is distributed via nozzles above the waste layer. During the experiments, temperatures along the height of the reactor, gas composition and total weight decrease are continuously monitored. The influence of the primary air speed, fuel moisture and inert content on the combustion characteristics (ignition rate, combustion rate, ignition front speed and temperature of the reaction zone) is evaluated. The upward combustion concept decouples the drying, devolatilization and burnout phase. In this way the moisture and inert content of the waste have almost no influence on the combustion process. In this paper an experimental comparison between conventional and reversed combustion is presented.
机译：带有能量回收的炉排上的废物燃烧是荷兰城市固体废物（MSW）管理的重要支柱。在城市固体垃圾焚化炉中，堆积在炉排上的新鲜废物进入燃烧室，被层上方火焰辐射加热并发生燃烧。通常，反应区从废物层的顶部开始并向下传播，产生热量以干燥和分解其下方的新鲜废物，直至引燃前沿到达炉排。该过程的控制主要基于经验主义。 MSW是高度不均匀的燃料，其水分含量，热值和化学成分会不断波动。由此产生的过程波动可能会导致过程控制困难，结垢和腐蚀问题，额外的维护以及计划外的停机。在新概念中，燃料层是通过预热空气（T＞ 220℃）从下方点燃的，而没有任何外部点火源。结果，将在靠近炉rate的地方形成燃烧前沿，并向上传播。这就是为什么这种方法以向上燃烧表示的原因。在间歇式反应器中进行了实验研究，该反应器高度为4.55 m，内径为200 mm，燃料层高度最高为1 m。由于高质量的两层绝缘绝热条件，可以假设。一次空气可以预热到350℃，二次空气通过喷嘴分布在废物层上方。在实验过程中，沿反应器高度的温度，气体组成和总重量的减少被连续监测。评估了一次风速，燃料水分和惰性含量对燃烧特性（点火速率，燃烧速率，点火前沿速度和反应区温度）的影响。向上燃烧的概念使干燥，脱挥发分和燃尽阶段脱钩。这样，废物的水分和惰性含量几乎对燃烧过程没有影响。在本文中，进行了常规燃烧和反向燃烧之间的实验比较。

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