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Reconsidering counter-hegemonic dam projects: the case of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam

机译：重新考虑反霸权大坝项目：以埃塞俄比亚大复兴大坝为例

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摘要

The paper questions the argument of the hydro-hegemony framework that counter-hegemonic mechanisms used by non-hegemons in transboundary rivers lead to a more equitable order of water and benefit-sharing, using the case of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD). It agrees with hydro-hegemony scholars that the GERD is a 'game changer' that challenges Egypt's hegemonic position, and an important step in the transition towards a new order in the Nile Basin. However, it scrutinises how Ethiopia and Egypt manage this transition through their policies to implement or contest the dam, and the conditions under which the GERD could lead to a more equitable order in the basin, and create incentives for cooperation beyond the project. It argues that Ethiopia's planning and implementation of the project, and Egypt's inconsistent response to it, have increased uncertainties about the benefits of the project to downstream countries, and even to Ethiopia, and fuelled the historical mistrust between the two countries. It suggests steps to build trust and translate the recent Declaration of Principles between the three Eastern Nile riparians into a benefit-sharing deal.
机译：本文质疑水权霸权框架的论点，即以大埃塞俄比亚复兴大坝（GERD）为例，跨境河流中非霸权者使用的反霸权机制导致更公平的用水和利益共享。它同意水权霸权学者的观点，即GERD是一个“游戏规则改变者”，它挑战了埃及的霸权地位，并且是尼罗河流域向新秩序过渡的重要一步。但是，它详细审查了埃塞俄比亚和埃及如何通过其实施或争夺大坝的政策来管理这一过渡，以及GERD可能导致流域秩序更加公平的条件，并为该项目以外的合作创造了动力。它认为，埃塞俄比亚对该项目的计划和实施以及埃及对该项目的不一致反应，增加了该项目对下游国家甚至对埃塞俄比亚的利益的不确定性，加剧了两国之间的历史不信任感。它提出了建立信任的步骤，并将三名东部尼罗河沿岸国家之间最近的《原则宣言》转化为利益共享协议。

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