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Three-Phase CO_2 Flow in a Basalt Fracture Network

机译:玄武岩断裂网中的三相CO_2流

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摘要

Geologic CO2 sequestration in basalt reservoirs is predicated on permanent CO2 isolation via rapid mineralization reactions. This process is supported by a substantial body of evidence, including laboratory experiments documenting rapid mineralization rates, regional storage estimates indicating large, accessible storage reservoirs, and two successful pilot-scale studies. Nevertheless, there remains significant uncertainty in the behavior of CO2 flow within basalt fracture networks, particularly in the context estimating physical trapping potential in early time and as CO2 undergoes phase change. In this study, a Monte Carlo numerical model is designed to simulate a supercritical CO2 plume infiltrating a low-permeability flood basalt entablature. The fracture network model is based on outcrop-scale LiDAR mapping of Columbia River Basalt, and CO2 flow is simulated within fifty equally probable realizations of the fracture network. The spatial distribution of fracture permeability for each realization is randomly drawn from a basalt aperture distribution, and ensemble results are analyzed with e-type estimates to compute mean and standard deviation of fluid pressure and CO2 saturation. Results of this model after 10 years of simulation suggest that (1) CO2 flow converges on a single dominant flow path, (2) CO2 accumulates at fracture intersections, and (3) variability in permeability can account for a 1.6 m depth interval within which free CO2 may change phase from supercritical fluid to subcritical liquid or gas. In the context of CO2 sequestration in basalt, these results suggest that physical CO2 trapping may be substantially enhanced as carbonate minerals precipitate within the basalt fracture network.
机译:玄武岩储层中的地质二氧化碳封存是基于通过快速矿化反应进行永久性二氧化碳隔离而进行的。这一过程得到大量证据的支持,包括记录快速矿化速率的实验室实验,表明大型,可及的储层的区域储量估算以及两项成功的中试规模研究。然而,玄武岩裂缝网络中的CO2流动行为仍然存在很大的不确定性,尤其是在早期估计物理捕集潜力以及随着CO2发生相变的情况下。在这项研究中,设计了蒙特卡洛数值模型来模拟渗入低渗透洪水玄武岩的超临界二氧化碳羽流。裂缝网络模型基于哥伦比亚河玄武岩的露头规模LiDAR测绘,并在裂缝网络的50个同样可能的实现中模拟了CO2流量。从玄武岩孔眼分布中随机抽取每种实现方式的裂缝渗透率的空间分布,并使用e型估计分析整体结果,以计算流体压力和CO2饱和度的均值和标准差。经过10年的模拟,该模型的结果表明(1)CO2流量汇聚在一条主要流动路径上;(2)CO2聚集在裂缝相交处;(3)渗透率的变化可解释1.6 m的深度间隔,其中游离的CO2可能会将相从超临界流体变为亚临界液体或气体。在玄武岩中封存二氧化碳的情况下,这些结果表明,随着碳酸盐矿物在玄武岩断裂网中沉淀,物理二氧化碳的捕集可能会大大增强。

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  • 来源
    《Water resources research》 |2017年第11期|8980-8998|共19页
  • 作者单位

    Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA;

    Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA;

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