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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of geophysical research. Solid earth: JGR >One-, two- and three-phase viscosity treatments for basaltic lava flows
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One-, two- and three-phase viscosity treatments for basaltic lava flows

机译：玄武岩熔岩流的一相，两相和三相粘度处理

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摘要

Lava flows comprise three-phase mixtures of melt, crystals, and bubbles. While existing one-phase treatments allow melt phase viscosity to be assessed on the basis of composition, water content, and/or temperature, two-phase treatments constrain the effects of crystallinity or vesicularity on mixture viscosity. However, three-phase treatments, allowing for the effects of coexisting crystallinity and vesicularity, are not well understood. We investigate existing one- and two-phase treatments using lava flow case studies from Mauna Loa (Hawaii) and Mount Etna (Italy) and compare these with a three-phase treatment that has not been applied previously to basaltic mixtures. At Etna, melt viscosities of 425 ± 30 Pa s are expected for well-degassed (0.1 w. % H2O), and 135 ± 10 Pa s for less well-degassed (0.4 wt % H2O), melt at 1080°C. Application of a three-phase model yields mixture viscosities (45% crystals, 25–35% vesicles) in the range 5600–12,500 Pa s. This compares with a measured value for Etnean lava of 9400 ± 1500 Pa s. At Mauna Loa, the three-phase treatment provides a fit with the full range of field measured viscosities, giving three-phase mixture viscosities, upon eruption, of 110–140 Pa s (5% crystals, no bubble effect due to sheared vesicles) to 850–1400 Pa s (25–30% crystals, 40–60% spherical vesicles). The ability of the three-phase treatment to characterize the full range of melt-crystal-bubble mixture viscosities in both settings indicates the potential of this method in characterizing basaltic lava mixture viscosity.
机译：熔岩流包括熔体，晶体和气泡的三相混合物。尽管现有的一相处理允许基于组成，水含量和/或温度来评估熔体相粘度，但是两相处理限制了结晶度或囊泡性对混合物粘度的影响。但是，对于允许同时存在的结晶性和囊泡性的效果的三相处理，还没有很好的理解。我们使用来自莫纳罗亚（夏威夷）和埃特纳火山（意大利）的熔岩流案例研究来研究现有的一阶段和两阶段处理方法，并将它们与之前未应用于玄武岩混合物的三相处理方法进行比较。在埃特纳火山，预脱气（0.1 w。％H2O）的熔体粘度预计为425±30 Pa s，对于脱气较弱（0.4 wt％H2O）的熔体粘度预计为135±10 Pa s，在1080°C时熔融。三相模型的应用产生的混合粘度（45％晶体，25–35％囊泡）范围为5600–12,500 Pa s。与此相比，Etnean熔岩的测量值为9400±1500 Pa s。在莫纳罗亚火山（Mauna Loa），三相处理提供了与现场测得的所有粘度相适应的特性，喷发后，三相混合物的粘度为110-140 Pa s（5％晶体，由于剪切的囊泡没有气泡效应）至850–1400 Pa s（25–30％的晶体，40–60％的球形囊泡）。在两种设置下，三相处理均能表征熔融结晶-气泡混合物粘度的整个范围，这表明该方法具有表征玄武岩熔岩混合物粘度的潜力。

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