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粮油加工（电子版）

粮油加工（电子版）

Cereals and Oils Processing（Electronic Version）
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粮油加工（电子版） >2015年第12期

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  • 摘要：采用过氧化氢氧化色素脱色对枸杞提取物进行脱色。结果表明：100mg 枸杞提取物在温度为90℃、 pH值为9和过氧化氢添加量为6.00mL条件下，脱色时间为15min，多糖保留率为59.16%。%Wolfberry extracts were bleached by hydrogen peroxide. Results showed that polysaccharide retention rate of 100mg wolfberry extract was 59.16%at a temperature of 90℃, pH 9.0, hydrogen peroxide dosage 6.00mL, and bleaching time 15min.
  • 摘要：依据NY/T 1283-2007《香菇中甲醛含量的测定》，对香菇中甲醛的测量不确定度进行评定。在中性条件下，将溶解于水中的甲醛随水蒸馏出，在沸水浴中，溜出液中甲醛在乙酸-乙酸铵缓冲溶液介质中，与乙酰丙酮生产稳定的黄色化合物，冷却后在412nm处测其吸光度，外标法定量。系统分析了该法测量结果的不确定度来源并对其进行评定，对各不确定度分量进行了量化，提出了该法的合成不确定度。%According to NY/T 1283-2007′Determination of Formaldehyde Content in Lentinula edodes′, un-certainty analysis of formaldehyde content in Lentinula edodes were evaluated. Under neutral conditions, formaldehyde was distilled with water. In a boiling water bath, distillate formaldehyde and acetyl acetone generated yellow stable com-pounds in acetic acid-ammonium acetate buffer solution medium, then their optical density were measured at 412nm after refrigeration, and content was calculated with internal standard method. Uncertainty sources of measuring results by that method were analyzed and evaluated. Each uncertainty component was quantified, and synthesis uncertainty was presented.
  • 摘要：In large crushing plant and refinery construction process, Sinograin Oils Corporation absorbed experi-ence of foreign companies in China. Design, tender and construction were in accordance with national norms. Project quality, budget estimates and schedule management were executed. When completed, project quality comprehensive testing was performed. Quality equipment installation project involves professional skill ( like design, construction, steel structures and installation) and on-site supervision level. Installation of each device was tested. Equipment in ex-traction or refining workshop needs to be detected by special request.%本文介绍我公司在大型压榨厂和精炼厂的建设过程中，吸收外资在我国建厂的经验，按照国家的各种规范进行设计、招标和施工，进行工程质量、概算和工期的管理，在完工时，进行工程质量全面检测。设备安装工程的质量涉及到设计、土建、钢结构和安装的专业技术、现场监理水平。检测每台设备的安装，对浸出或精炼车间的设备按特殊需要检测。
  • 摘要：TBLM-1型脉冲布筒除尘器；TQSX系列去石机；TQLZ型振动清理筛；TFXH系列循环风选器；TSCY系列圆筒初清筛；强拉风砂辊碾米机;
  • 摘要：本试验采用超临界CO2萃取云南松松子油，以萃取温度、萃取压力和萃取时间3个因素进行单因素试验，在单因素试验结果的基础上，利用响应面法中的Box-Behnken和中心旋转组合设计对超临界CO2萃取云南松松子油的提取工艺条件进行了优化。各个条件均做3次重复试验，以平均值作为最后结果。试验结果表明：萃取温度、萃取压力和萃取时间3个因素对松子出油率影响都显著。经过验证性试验后，最终得到超临界CO2萃取云南松松子油的最佳工艺条件为：萃取温度36.7℃、萃取压力40.6MPa 和萃取时间112.6min，在最佳条件下的出油率24.68%。%Oil extraction from Pinus yunnanensis Franch seeds with supercritical CO2 fluid was studied. Based on results of single factor experiment, extraction process conditions were optimized by using Box-Behnken and central com-posite rotatable design. Each condition was repeated three times, and average value was taken as final result. Results showed that temperature, pressure and time of these three factors were significant effects on pine nut oil yield. Optimal operation conditions was supercritical CO2 fluid extraction temperature at 36.7℃, pressure 40.6MPa and time 112.6min. Oil yield was 24.68%under optimum conditions.
  • 摘要：本文以蓖麻蛋白为原料，通过单因素试验和正交试验优化对毒蛋白纯化工艺进行优化。结果表明：最佳工艺条件为缓冲液pH值7.0、缓冲液浓度0.10mol/L、 D-半乳糖浓度0.10mol/L和洗脱速度1.0mL/min。优选所得工艺设计合理、结果可靠，可作为蓖麻毒蛋白的分离纯化工艺。%Ricin was extracted from crude castor protein. Single-factor experiments and orthogonal design of ex-periments were used to optimize and the optimal condition were as followed: buffer pH 7.0, buffer concentration 0.10mol/L, D-galactose concentration 0.10mol/L, elution speed 1.0mL/min. Optimal design reasonable and reliable, it can be used as separation purification process of ricin.
  • 摘要：According to demand of technical standard JJF 1059.1-2012 ‘Evaluation and Expression of Uncer-tainty in Measurement’, mathematical model of measurement uncertainty on phosphide residue in grain was established. Main sources of uncertainty were analyzed and uncertainty effect results of identified source obtained by this method was evaluated. Results showed that phosphide content in samples and experimental repetitive operation process as well affect most, whereas effects of others were small. Uncertainty effect of phosphide content mainly came from the fitting of stan-dard curve. Therefore, standards should be operated strictly in constructing actual standard curve. Phosphide content and expand uncertainty in grain measured by this method were 0.040 mg/kg and 1.5×10-3 mg/kg, respectively.%根据JJF 1059.1-2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》技术规范要求，建立了粮食中磷化物残留测定不确定度的数学模型，分析了不确定度的主要来源，对该方法所得结果的已识别来源的不确定度影响进行评价。结果表明：一是样品中的磷化物含量，二是试验重复性操作过程，而其他方面的影响很小。其中磷化物含量的不确定度影响又主要来自标准曲线的拟合。因此在实际制备标准曲线时，必须严格规范操作。用该法粮食中磷化物含量是0.040mg/kg，扩展不确定度为1.5×10-3mg/kg。
  • 摘要：超高压处理技术被认为食品非热杀菌技术中最有潜力和发展前途的一种处理技术。我国的食品工业发展计划中超高压杀菌技术已经被列为重点开发的技术之一，超高压前几年一直处在小型试验研究阶段，如李里特与日本国际农林水产业研究中心的辰巳英三合作，对超高压下生产的豆腐凝胶进行了多方面的研究。%UHP Technology are considered the most potential and promising technology in a deal with food non-thermal sterilization. It has been listed as one of key development technologies in China′s food industry development plan. In previous years, test research of experiment was used in UHP Technology. Such as Lee Ritter and Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences Eizo Tatsumi cooperation on production of tofu gels under high pressure has been extensive research.
  • 摘要：Taking hawthorn and pumpkin as main raw materials, composite jam formula and process were devel-oped. Based on a series of single-factor tests, the best formula compound jam was optimized by response surface method. At the same time, products were tasted and scored. After response surface optimized, the best process parameters were as followes: pumpkin dosage of 52.20%, hawthorn dosage of 24.50%and sugar dosage of 12.85%. By above formula, best color, taste and sensory were obtained.%本文主要研究了以山楂和南瓜为主要原辅料的复合果酱配方及工艺。在单因素试验的基础上，采用响应面法对复合果酱的最佳配方进行优化，并对产品进行了品尝评分。经过响应面法优化，得到最佳的工艺参数：南瓜添加量为52.20%、山楂添加量为24.50%和白砂糖添加量为12.85%。通过以上配方制得的产品色泽、口味和感官最佳。
  • 摘要：以榨油后的红花籽粕粉为原料，采用碱溶酸沉法对其蛋白质提取工艺进行了研究，通过单因素试验和响应面法确立了最佳的提取工艺参数。结果表明：因素影响顺序依次为pH值＞液料比＞提取时间＞提取温度。蛋白质提取优化工艺参数为pH值10.5、料液比1∶19.8、时间90min和提取温度25℃，红花籽粕蛋白质提取率可达29.7%。蛋白质提取回归模型高度显著（R2＝0.9445），拟合性好，为生产红花籽粕蛋白质提供依据。%Effects of pH value, extraction temperature, extraction time, ratio of water to material were investi-gated optimum conditions for extraction of protein from safflower seeds. Results showed that order of influential factors was pH value, ratio of water to material, extraction time and extraction temperature. Optimum pH value was 10.5, ratio of water to material was 1∶19.8, extraction time was 90min and extraction temperature was 25℃. Extraction rate of protein reached 29.7%, of which regression model was significant (R2=0.9445) . This work provided basis for production of saf-flower seed meal protein.
  • 摘要：随着国内外对山杏资源研究的逐渐深入，山杏仁油逐渐成为工业上十分重要的化学基料，与此同时，山杏仁及其油料的综合利用的产业化已在实施当中。本文主要对山杏仁油理化性质及其油料在生物燃料、医药和食品等方面的综合开发应用进行分析研究。结果表明：杏仁油在工业上有着巨大的优势，其综合开发利用可以获取很大的经济、社会与环境收益。%With gradually research to the wild apricot resource at home and abroad, wild apricot oil had gradually become a very important chemical industry base materials, at the same time, the comprehensive utilization industrializa-tion of wild almond and oil has been in the implementation. Physical and chemical properties and comprehensive develop-ment and application wild apricot oil in biofuels, medicine, food and other aspects of were analyzed. Results showed that wild apricot oil had huge advantages in industry, comprehensive development and utilization, and could obtain great e-conomic, social and environmental benefits.
  • 摘要：根据JJF 1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》技术规范要求，建立了谷物及制品中钙测定不确定度的数学模型，分析了不确定度的主要来源，对该方法所得结果的已识别来源的不确定度影响进行评价。结果表明：该测试方法的不确定度主要来源于重复性产生的不确定度，其他因素如称样量、标准溶液浓度和标准溶液滴定体积产生的不确定度相对比较小。用该法谷物及制品中钙含量是20.04mg/g，扩展不确定度为0.0530mg/g （95%， k=2）。%According to demand of technical standard JJF 1059-1999 ‘Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement’ , mathematical model of measurement uncertainty on calcium residue in cereals and derived products was established. Main sources of uncertainty were analyzed and uncertainty effect results of identified source obtained by this method was evaluated. Results showed that uncertainty of test method mainly came from uncertainty generated from repeatability, whereas uncertainty generated from other factors were small, such as sample weight, standard solution concentration and titration volume of standard solution. Calcium content and expand uncertainty in cereals and derived products measured by this method were 20.04 mg/g and 0.0530 mg/g (95%, k=2), respectively.
  • 摘要：本文对花生蛋白酸奶的营养价值和保健功能进行了阐述，对采用不同花生蛋白原料制备酸奶的工艺过程和方法进行了综述，概括了花生蛋白酸奶的研究现状，并对花生蛋白酸奶的前景和发展趋势进行了展望。%Nutritive value and healthy functional value of peanut protein yoghurt were summarized. Processes and methods of peanut protein yoghurt preparation from different peanut protein products were reviewed. Research status on peanut protein yoghurt were overviewed, and research prospect and trends of peanut protein yoghurt were put forward.
  • 摘要：Strains producing PHB were preliminary screening from sludge by Nile blue fluorescence staining com-bining with Sudan black. PHB was extracted with chloroform after ultrasonic wall-breaking treatment. Finally, a high yield PHB strain named PK3 was determined by gas chromatography and ultraviolet spectrophotometer, yield of PHB was 0.732 g/L. Strain PK3 was identified as Pseudomonas koreensis by morphological observation and 16SrDNA sequence analysis.%采用尼罗蓝荧光法结合苏丹黑染色法从污水中初筛获得产聚-β-羟基丁酸酯（PHB）的菌种，超声波破壁处理后采用氯仿法抽提PHB，最终通过气相色谱和紫外可见分光光度计确定了一株高产 PHB 菌株PK3， PHB 产量为0.732g/L。经形态观察、16SrDNA 序列分析，初步鉴定 PK3为假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas koreensis）。
  • 摘要：Using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS hyphenated techniques, starch and its products were detected residues of maleic acid. Sample was 50% water and 50% methanol extract in the liquid phase C18 column separation column with methanol and 1%formic acid as the mobile phase, multiple reaction monitoring mode determination maleic acid, quali-tative and quantitative ion pairs were 114.9/71.0. Maleic acid had a good linear relationship within the 10~100ng/mL , detection limit (10S/N) was 10ng/mL. Starch matrix, adding three different concentration levels did maleate spiked re-covery test, recovery reached between 85% to 100% and relative standard deviation ( n=6) of less than 10%. This method was simple, accurate, and reproducible.%采用HPLC-ESI-MS/MS联用技术，检测淀粉及其制品中马来酸残留量。样品经50%水-50%甲醇提取后，以C18柱为液相分离柱，以甲醇和1%甲酸为流动相，多反应监测模式测定马来酸，其定性定量离子对分别为114.9/71.0。马来酸含量在10～100ng/mL范围内具有良好的线性关系，测定下限（10S/N）为10ng/mL。以淀粉为基体，加入3种不同浓度水平的马来酸做加标回收试验，回收率在85%～100%，相对标准偏差（n=6）小于10%。该方法操作简单，结果准确，重现性好。
  • 摘要：随着公众对食品安全问题关注度的提高以及毒理学研究的进步，天然抗氧化剂将逐步替代人工合成抗氧化剂在食品行业食品防腐保鲜中的应用。本文概述了目前已用于天然抗氧化剂开发的天然资源以及正在研究的天然抗氧化剂，种类主要有香辛料提取物、中草药、果蔬植物、茶叶、蜂胶、维生素、虾青素、蛋白质水解物、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和植酸。讨论了天然抗氧化剂研究中的成果、进展和存在的问题以及发展方向。%As public awareness increasing of food safety problems and toxicological study progress, application of nat-ural antioxidants will gradually replace synthetic antioxidants in food industry, in food preservation. This paper outlined used natural antioxidants resources and being used natural antioxidants. Main types of extracts were spices, herbs, fruits and veg-etables, tea plant, propolis, astaxanthin, vitamin, protein hydrolysate, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and phytic acid etc. Research discussed on natural antioxidants in progress, achievements, existing problems and development direction.
  • 摘要：本次“会长扩大办公会议”在沧州召开,会议得到了无锡中粮工程科技有限公司、中粮工程装备（南皮）有限公司的大力支持和精心安排,保证了会议的顺利召开.对此,我代表中国粮油学会油脂分会和全体与会代表表示衷心的感谢. 本次会议将具体研究落实分会年会、两个国际会议、发展个人会员以及总会向中国科协申报的《2014～2015年粮油学科发展研究项目》等各项工作.在具体研究工作之前,我先就有关2013年我国食用油市场以及国家对发展木本油料产业的设想向大家通报一些情况,供大家参考.
  • 摘要：生物柴油作为一种重要的生物质能源已引起了世人的广泛关注，其生产和应用已成为缓解能源危机的重要组成部分。文章综述了我国生物柴油的研究进展及应用现状，并在生物柴油的原料来源、制备方法和产业化状况等方面进行阐述。%Biodiesel oil, as one kind of biomass energy, had already aroused people′s great attention and played an important role for relieving the energy crisis. Research and application status of biodiesel oil were reviewed. Raw mate-rial sources, preparation methods and industrialization status were also presented.
  • 摘要：利用表面离子印迹技术制备铅离子印迹聚合物，通过红外光谱进行了表征，考察了铅离子印迹聚合物最佳吸附条件。结果表明： pH值3.5左右时，印迹聚合物对铅离子具有良好的吸附性，且吸附速度快，1mol/L盐酸即可解吸铅离子92%。在优化的试验条件下，静态吸附量22.7mg/g，是非印迹聚合物的2倍，最大富集倍数100，印迹聚合物具有较好的选择性，样品加标回收率在91.5%～102.8%，相对标准偏差为2.34%~5.65%，结果令人满意。%L ead ion imprinted polymer was prepared with surface ionic imprinting , technology was character-ized through infrared spectroscopy. Besides, the optimum adsorption conditions of lead ion imprinted polymer were ex-amined. Results showed as follows: when pH was about 3.5, imprinted polymers had a favorable and fast adsorption to lead ion and 92%lead ion could be desorbed by 1mol/L hydrochloric acid. Under optimized experimental conditions, maximum saturated adsorbing capacity was 22.7mg/g, which was twice amount of non-imprinted polymers and maxi-mum concentration multiple was 100. Imprinted polymers had a prefer able selectivity. Adding standard recovery rate ranges was from 91.5%to 102.8%and the relative standard deviation was between 2.34% to 5.65%.These results were satisfactory.
  • 摘要：国家发改委和有关部门制定的可行性报告格式，涵盖涉及项目所有的事宜，在市场乐观情况下，可行性报告是可批性报告。按照市场经济的要求，投资人要考虑投资回报，在策划中关注国家和产业政策的变化、区域性的市场动态、当地的物流条件、建厂条件、产品方案、投资概算和财务分析，采集的数据也要求尽可能准确。%Feasibility report format was developed by the NDRC and other relevant departments to cover all matters re-lated to the project. In the market situation optimism condition, feasibility report is approved report. In accordance with re-quirements of market economy, investors should consider return on investment, pay attention to changes in the national and industrial policy planning, regional market dynamics, local logistics conditions, plant conditions, product solutions, the investment budget and financial analysis. Investors require those data as accurate as possible.

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